javascript模版模式

javascript模版模式

模版模式:利用父类定义一些类似对象的公共方法和操作框架

简单例子

var Beverage = function () {};

Beverage.prototype.boilWater = function () {
    console.log('把水煮沸');
};

Beverage.prototype.brew = function () {             //由子类重写
    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');
};
Beverage.prototype.pourInCup = function () {             //由子类重写
    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');
};
Beverage.prototype.addCondiments = function () {             //由子类重写
    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');
};

Beverage.prototype.init = function () {             //执行所有方法
    this.boilWater();
    this.brew();
    this.pourInCup();
    this.addCondiments();
};

/********冲咖啡*********/
var Coffee = function () {};

//重新指向新的原型对象
Coffee.prototype = new Beverage();

/*一些方法的重写*/
Coffee.prototype.brew = function () {
    console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');
};

Coffee.prototype.pourInCup = function () {
    console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');
};

Coffee.prototype.addCondiments = function () {
    console.log('加糖和牛奶');
};

var coffee = new Coffee();
coffee.init();

/*******泡茶********/
var Tea = function () {};

Tea.prototype = new Beverage();

Tea.prototype.brew = function () {
    console.log('用沸水泡茶叶');
};

Tea.prototype.pourInCup = function () {
    console.log('把茶倒进杯子');
};

Tea.prototype.addCondiments = function () {
    console.log('加柠檬');
};

var tea = new Tea();
tea.init();

钩子方法

var Beverage = function () {};

Beverage.prototype.boilwater = function () {
    console.log('把水煮沸');
};

Beverage.prototype.brew = function () {
    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
};

Beverage.prototype.pourInCup = function () {
    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
};

Beverage.prototype.addCondiments = function () {
    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
};

//这里就是所谓的钩子
Beverage.prototype.customWantsCondiments = function () {
    return true;
};

Beverage.prototype.init = function () {
    this.boilwater();
    this.brew();
    this.pourInCup();
    if(this.customWantsCondiments()){
        this.addCondiments();
    }
};


var Coffee = function () {};

//重新指向新的原型对象
Coffee.prototype = new Beverage();

/*一些方法的重写*/
Coffee.prototype.brew = function () {
    console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');
};

Coffee.prototype.pourInCup = function () {
    console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');
};

Coffee.prototype.addCondiments = function () {
    console.log('加糖和牛奶');
};

Coffee.prototype.customWantsCondiments = function () {
    return window.confirm('需要加调料吗?');
};

var coffee = new Coffee();
coffee.init();

使用好莱坞原则

var Beverage = function (param) {
    var boilWater = function () {
        console.log('把水煮沸');
    };

    var brew = param.brew || function () {
                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
    };

    var pourInCup = param.pourInCup || function () {
                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
    };

    var addCondiments = param.addCondiments || function () {
                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');
    };

    var F = function () {};

    F.prototype.init = function () {
        boilWater();
        brew();
        pourInCup();
        addCondiments();
    };

    return F;
};

var Coffee = Beverage({
    brew: function () {
        console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');
    },
    pourInCup: function () {
        console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');
    },
    addCondiments: function () {
        console.log('加糖和牛奶');
    }
});

var coffee = new Coffee();
coffee.init();

子类不能调用父类，只能父类调用子类