Android 蓝牙相关
本文主要讲述android 蓝牙的简单使用.
BluetoothAdapter类用于管理设备的蓝牙功能。它提供了一系列方法来启用、禁用、搜索和连接蓝牙设备,以及获取已配对设备的列表等功能。
BluetoothAdapter的一些常用方法包括:
enable():启用蓝牙功能。
disable():禁用蓝牙功能。
startDiscovery():开始搜索附近的蓝牙设备。
cancelDiscovery():取消搜索蓝牙设备。
getBondedDevices():获取已配对的蓝牙设备列表。
createBond():与指定的蓝牙设备进行配对。
getRemoteDevice():通过设备的MAC地址获取远程蓝牙设备对象。
下面是一些常见的用法。
1: 是否支持蓝牙
getDefaultAdapter()方法返回一个BluetoothAdapter对象,该对象代表了设备上的蓝牙适配器。通过该对象,可以执行各种操作,如打开或关闭蓝牙、搜索其他蓝牙设备、建立蓝牙连接等。
需要注意的是,如果设备不支持蓝牙功能,或者没有权限使用蓝牙功能,getDefaultAdapter()方法可能返回null。
/**
- 是否支持蓝牙
- @return
*/
private boolean isSupportBluetooth() {
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
return bluetoothAdapter != null;
}
2: 开启蓝牙
注意这里需要申请下BLUETOOTH 权限.
/**
- 开启蓝牙
*/
private void openBluetooth() {
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
//RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, 1001);
}
}
点击跳转后的界面如下:
3: 关闭蓝牙
private void closeBluetooth(){
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
bluetoothAdapter.disable();
}
}
关闭蓝牙同样会有弹框提示,如下:
4: 扫描蓝牙设备
这里其实分为两部分 发现设备以及查找已配对设备.
首先,我们先讲下发现设备,这里需要调用bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(). 该进程是异步的,并返回一个布尔值,指示发现是否已成功启动。发现过程通常涉及大约 12 秒的查询扫描,随后会对发现的每台设备进行页面扫描,以检索其蓝牙名称。
其次我们需要注册相关的broadcast ,来接收扫描的结果.
具体的代码如下:
private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// Discovery has found a device. Get the BluetoothDevice
// object and its info from the Intent.
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
String deviceName = device.getName();
String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address
Log.d(TAG, “onReceive: deviceName:”+deviceName+“; deviceHardwareAddress:”+deviceHardwareAddress);
}
}
};
private void registerBluetoothCast(){
// Register for broadcasts when a device is discovered.
//Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#BLUETOOTH} and
//{@link android.Manifest.permission#ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
需要注意的是权限上需要注册:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
//发现设备
Log.d(TAG, “onClick: startDiscovery”);
bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
执行后具体的输出如下:
2023-12-12 14:34:33.706 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onClick: startDiscovery
2023-12-12 14:34:33.706 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/BluetoothAdapter: startDiscovery(): called by: com.test.bluetooth
2023-12-12 14:34:33.707 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/BluetoothAdapter: 210428169: getState(). Returning ON
2023-12-12 14:34:33.779 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onReceive: deviceName:vivo TWS 2; deviceHardwareAddress:CC:xx:xx:xx:xx:92
2023-12-12 14:34:33.780 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onReceive: deviceName:null; deviceHardwareAddress:3F:xx:xx:xx:xx:90
2023-12-12 14:34:34.052 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onReceive: deviceName:OPPO A95 5G; deviceHardwareAddress:30:xx:xx:xx:xx:9C
2023-12-12 14:34:34.351 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onReceive: deviceName: iMac; deviceHardwareAddress:88:xx:xx:xx:xx:BF
2023-12-12 14:34:34.366 11287-11287/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: onReceive: deviceName:MacBook Pro; deviceHardwareAddress:74:xx:xx:xx:xx:49
获取已配对设备:
private void getBindDevices(){
Set pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
// There are paired devices. Get the name and address of each paired device.
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
String deviceName = device.getName();
String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address
Log.d(TAG, “bind: deviceName:”+deviceName+“; deviceHardwareAddress:”+deviceHardwareAddress);
}
}else{
Log.d(TAG, “bind devices 0”);
}
}
2023-12-12 14:47:21.792 12229-12229/com.test.bluetooth D/BluetoothAdapter: 258056678: getState(). Returning ON
2023-12-12 14:47:21.793 12229-12229/com.test.bluetooth D/bluetoothAdapter: bind: deviceName:夏沫; deviceHardwareAddress:50:xx:xx:xx:xx:5A