C Primer Plus外藩（一）---枚举

枚举类型：
1.1枚举类型声明int 类型的常量，使用关键字enum。
使用枚举类型的目的是提高程序的可读性

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void){
    enum a {red,blue,green,populer,white,blach};
    enum a c;
    c = blue;
    printf("%d\n",c);
} 

结果 = 1；

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){

    enum a {red = 100,blue,green,populer,white,blach};


    enum a c;

    c = blue;

    printf("%d\n",c);

} 

结果 = 101

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

enum spectrum { red,orange,yellow,green,blue,violet};
const char *colors[] = {"red","orange","yellow","green","blue","violet"};
#define LEN 30
int main(void){

    char choice[LEN];

    enum spectrum color;

    bool color_is_found = false;

    puts("Enter a color (empty line to quiet):");

    while(gets(choice)!= NULL & choice[0] != '0'){

        for(color = red;color <= violet;color ++){

            if(strcmp(choice,colors[color]) == 0){

                color_is_found = true ;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(color_is_found)
            switch(color){
                case red   : puts("rose are red");break;
                case orange: puts("poppies are orange");break;
                case yellow: puts("sunflower is yellow");break;
                case green : puts("grass is green"); break;
                case blue  : puts("bluebells is blue");break;
                case violet: puts("violet is voilet"); break;
            }

        else

            printf("i do not know about the color %s.\n",choice);

            color_is_found = false;
            puts("next colors please(empty line to quiet):");   

    }
    puts("goodbye!");   
    return 0;
}

名字相同但是具有不同的作用域不会起冲突，名字空间是分类别的。这意味着可以在同一个作用域内对一个变量和一个标记使用同一个名字，而不会产生错误