BeanFactory、ApplicationContext运行机制分析

BeanFactory

体系结构

• BeanFactory:定义了获取、检查Bean的相关方法，如getBean、containsBean、isSingleton等。
• ListableBeanFactory：该接口定义了访问容器中Bean基本信息的若干方法，如查看Bean的个数、获取某一类型Bean的配置名、查看容器中是否包含某一Bean等方法。
• HierarchicalBeanFactory:父子级联IoC容器的接口，子容器可以通过接口方法访问父容器。
• AutowireCapableBeanFactory:定义了将容器中的Bean按照某种规则（如按名字匹配、按类型匹配等）进行自动装配的方法。
• SingletonBeanRegistry:定义了允许在运行期间向容器注册单实例Bean的方法。
• BeanDefinitionRegistry:Spring配置文件中每一个节点元素在Spring容器里都通过一个BeanDefinition对象表述，它描述了Bean的配置信息。而BeanDefinitionRegistry接口提供了向容器手工注册BeanDefinition对象的方法。

BeanFactory中Bean的生命周期

ApplicationContext

体系结构

• ApplicationEvenPublisher:让容器拥有发布应用上下文事件的功能，包括容器启动事件、关闭事件等。实现了ApplicationListener事件监听接口的Bean可以接收到容器事件，并对事件进行响应处理。在AppliciationContext抽象实现类AbstractApplicationContext中，存在一个ApplicationEvenMulticaster，它负责保存所有监听器，以便容器产生上下事件时通知这些事件监听器。
• MessageSource:为应用提供il8n国际化消息访问的功能。
• ResourcePatternResolver:让所有ApplicationContext实现类都实现了类似于PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver的功能，可以通过带前缀的Ant风格的资源文件路径装载Spring的配置文件。
• LifeCycle:该接口在Spring2.0加入，该接口提供了start()和stop()两个方法，主要用于控制异步处理过程。在具体使用时，该接口同时被ApplicationContext实现及具体Bean实现，ApplicationContext会将start、stop的信息传递给容器中所用实现了该接口的Bean，以达到管理和控制JMX、任务调度等目的

ApplicationContext中Bean的生命周期

Spring容器技术内幕

    /**
     * Load or refresh the persistent representation of the configuration,
     * which might an XML file, properties file, or relational database schema.
     * <p>As this is a startup method, it should destroy already created singletons
     * if it fails, to avoid dangling resources. In other words, after invocation
     * of that method, either all or no singletons at all should be instantiated.
     * @throws BeansException if the bean factory could not be initialized
     * @throws IllegalStateException if already initialized and multiple refresh
     * attempts are not supported
     */
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
  synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
    // Prepare this context for refreshing.
    prepareRefresh();

    // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

    // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
    prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

    try {
      // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
      postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

      // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
      registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

      // Initialize message source for this context.
      initMessageSource();

      // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
      initApplicationEventMulticaster();

      // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
      onRefresh();

      // Check for listener beans and register them.
      registerListeners();

      // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
      finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

      // Last step: publish corresponding event.
      finishRefresh();
    }

    catch (BeansException ex) {
      if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
        logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
      }

      // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
      destroyBeans();

      // Reset 'active' flag.
      cancelRefresh(ex);

      // Propagate exception to caller.
      throw ex;
    }

    finally {
      // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
      // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
      resetCommonCaches();
    }
  }
}

上述代码与上图Bean的生命周期都有对应的代码。

• Bean完整的生命历程
  

参考书籍下载地址:Spring3.x企业应用开发实战
博客:一天不进步，就是退步!