第4篇 案例：使用 spring 的 IoC 的实现账户的 CRUD

              第4篇 案例：使用 spring 的 IoC 的实现账户的 CRUD

           1 需求和技术要求

1.1 需求

实现账户的 CRUD 操作

1.2 技术要求

使用 spring 的 IoC 实现对象的管理

使用 DBAssit 作为持久层解决方案

使用 c3p0 数据源

           2 环境搭建

2.1 拷贝 jar 包

2.2 创建数据库和编写实体类

create table account(
id int primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(40),
money float
)character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
insert into account(name,money) values('aaa',1000);
insert into account(name,money) values('bbb',1000);
insert into account(name,money) values('ccc',1000);

/**
 * 账户的实体类
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }
    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}

2.3 编写持久层代码

/**
 * 账户的持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {
    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void save(Account account);
    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void update(Account account);
    /**
     * 删除
     * @param accountId
     */
    void delete(Integer accountId);
    /**
     * 根据 id 查询
     * @param accountId
     * @return
     */
    Account findById(Integer accountId);
    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAll();
}

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
    private DBAssit dbAssit;
    public void setDbAssit(DBAssit dbAssit) {
        this.dbAssit = dbAssit;
    }
    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        dbAssit.update("insert into
                account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
    }
    @Override
    public void update(Account account) {
        dbAssit.update("update account set name=?,money=? where
                id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }
    @Override
    public void delete(Integer accountId) {
        dbAssit.update("delete from account where id=?",accountId);
    }
    @Override
    public Account findById(Integer accountId) {
        return dbAssit.query("select * from account where id=?",new
                BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
    }
    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return dbAssit.query("select * from account where id=?",new
                BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
    }
}

2.4 编写业务层代码

/**
 * 账户的业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {
    /**
     * 保存账户
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 更新账户
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 删除账户
     * @param account
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer accountId);
    /**
     * 根据 id 查询账户
     * @param accountId
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);
    /**
     * 查询所有账户
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();
}

/**
 * 账户的业务层实现类
 */
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
    private IAccountDao accountDao;
    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }
    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.save(account);
    }
    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.update(account);
    }
    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
        accountDao.delete(accountId);
    }
    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        return accountDao.findById(accountId);
    }
    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAll();
    }
}

2.5 创建并编写配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>

                3 配置步骤

3.1 配置对象

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 配置 service -->
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.spring.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置 dao -->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.spring.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dbAssit" ref="dbAssit"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置 dbAssit 此处我们只注入了数据源，表明每条语句独立事务-->
    <bean id="dbAssit" class="com.spring.dbassit.DBAssit">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

                  4 测试案例

4.1 测试类代码

/**
 * 测试类
 */
public class AccountServiceTest {
    /**
     * 测试保存
     */
    @Test
    public void testSaveAccount() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setName("黑马程序员");
        account.setMoney(100000f);
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        as.saveAccount(account);
    }
    /**
     * 测试查询一个
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAccountById() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        Account account = as.findAccountById(1);
        System.out.println(account);
    }
    /**
     * 测试更新
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdateAccount() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        Account account = as.findAccountById(1);
        account.setMoney(20301050f);
        as.updateAccount(account);
    }
    /**
     * 测试删除
     */
    @Test
    public void testDeleteAccount() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        as.deleteAccount(1);
    }
    /**
     * 测试查询所有
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAllAccount() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
        List<Account> list = as.findAllAccount();
        for(Account account : list) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }
}

4.2 分析测试了中的问题

通过上面的测试类，我们可以看出，每个测试方法都重新获取了一次 spring 的核心容器，造成了不必要的重复代码，增加了我们开发的工作量。这种情况，在开发中应该避免发生。

有些同学可能想到了，我们把容器的获取定义到类中去。例如：

/**
 * 测试类
 */
public class AccountServiceTest {
    private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
    private IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class);
}

这种方式虽然能解决问题，但是扔需要我们自己写代码来获取容器。 能不能测试时直接就编写测试方法，而不需要手动编码来获取容器呢？