初步使用elasticsearch

创建一个雇员目录。该目录应当能培养雇员认同感及支持实时、高效、动态协作，因此有一些业务需求：

支持包含多值标签、数值、以及全文本的数据
检索任一雇员的完整信息
允许结构化搜索，比如查询 30 岁以上的员工
允许简单的全文搜索以及较复杂的短语搜索
支持在匹配文档内容中高亮显示搜索片段
支持基于数据创建和管理分析仪表盘 

列出可用的索引
curl ‘localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v’

创建雇员目录

雇员目录，我们将做如下操作：

每个雇员索引一个文档，包含该雇员的所有信息。
每个文档都将是 employee 类型 。
该类型位于 索引 megacorp 内。
该索引保存在我们的 Elasticsearch 集群中

查询字符串参数 (例如 ?pretty 将格式化地输出 JSON 返回值，使其更容易阅读)

挖掘雇员中最受欢迎的兴趣

curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "aggs": {
    "all_interests": {
      "terms": { "field": "interests" }
    }
  }
}
'

注意fielddata 默认为不在全文检索内
官方说明

text field(interests) 已经存在
给已经存在的type employee 添加映射属性

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/megacorp/_mapping/employee?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "properties": {
    "interests": { 
      "type":     "text",
      "fielddata": true
    }
  }
}
'

text field不存在

Before you enable fielddata, consider why you are using a text field for aggregations, sorting, or in a script. It usually doesn’t make sense to do so.

A text field is analyzed before indexing so that a value like New York can be found by searching for new or for york. A terms aggregation on this field will return a new bucket and a york bucket, when you probably want a single bucket called New York.

Instead, you should have a text field for full text searches, and an unanalyzed keyword field with doc_values enabled for aggregations, as follows:

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/my_index?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "mappings": {
    "my_type": {
      "properties": {
        "my_field": { 
          "type": "text",
          "fields": {
            "keyword": { 
              "type": "keyword"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

text field存在

You can enable fielddata on an existing text field using the PUT mapping API as follows:


curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/my_index/_mapping/my_type?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "properties": {
    "my_field": { 
      "type":     "text",
      "fielddata": true
    }
  }
}
'

被多次加载
Fielddata filtering can be used to reduce the number of terms loaded into memory, and thus reduce memory usage. Terms can be filtered by frequency:

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/my_index?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "mappings": {
    "my_type": {
      "properties": {
        "tag": {
          "type": "text",
          "fielddata": true,
          "fielddata_frequency_filter": {
            "min": 0.001,
            "max": 0.1,
            "min_segment_size": 500
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'