cin>>通常只能读取一个单词。cin.get()可以读取固定长度的字符串,含空格等符号。
一、使用cin函数
由于cin通过空格、制表符、换行符来界定字符串的。故cin在获取字符时只读取一个单词长度,对于有空格的字符串其空格后面字符读不了。
例如:读取姓名
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int size=20;
char name[size];
char add[size];
cout<<"enter name:"<<endl;
cin>>name;
cout<<"enter address:"<<endl;
cin>>add;
cout<<"your name is "<<name<<" and your address is "<<add<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
enter name:
HSING HSU
enter address:
your name is HSING and your address is HSU
该运行结果不是用户所需的结果。故需要用下面的表示方法。
二、使用cin.get()函数
(1)cin.get()函数与cin.getline()函数类似。但cin.get(name,size);读取到行尾后丢弃换行符,因此读取一次后换行符任留在输入队列中。
例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int size=20;
char name[size];
char add[size];
cout<<"enter name:"<<endl;
cin.get(name,size);
cout<<"enter address:"<<endl;
cin.get(add,size);
cout<<"your name is "<<name<<" and your address is "<<add<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
enter name:
HSING HSU
enter address:
your name is HSING HSU and your address is
运行结果不是用户所需要的结果。
注:第二次直接读取的是换行符
(2)
cin.get()修改:在cin.get(name,size);后面加一条语句:
cin.get();该函数可以读取一个字符。将换行符读入。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int size=20;
char name[size];
char add[size];
cout<<"enter name:"<<endl;
cin.get(name,size);
cin.get();
cout<<"enter address:"<<endl;
cin.get(add,size);
cout<<"your name is "<<name<<" and your address is "<<add<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
enter name:
HSING HSU
enter address:
WU HAN
your name is HSING HSU and your address is WU HAN
运行正确。
(3)也可以将两个成员函数拼接起来cin.get(name,size).get()
使用.get()接受后面留下的换行符。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
const int size=20;
char name[size];
char add[size];
cout<<"enter name"<<endl;
cin.get(name,size).get();
cout<<"enter address:"<<endl;
cin.get(add,size);
cout<<"your name is "<<name<<" and your address is "<<add<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
enter name:
HSING HSU
enter address:
WU HAN
your name is HSING HSU and your address is WU HAN
运行正确。