使用RestTemplate和Ribbon来消费服务

本案例源码获得地址

SpringCloudDemo

创建Eureka-Server

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>pers.xipiker</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud-eureka-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8761

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
  server:
    enable-self-preservation: false

SpringcloudEurekaServerApplication.java

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudEurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudEurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

创建Eureka-Client-1

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>pers.xipiker</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-eureka-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud-eureka-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
  port: 8762
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-client

SpringcloudEurekaClientApplication.java

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudEurekaClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudEurekaClientApplication.class, args);
    }

}

DcController.java

@RestController
public class DcController {
	@Value("${server.port}")
    String port;

    @GetMapping("/hi")
    public String home(@RequestParam String name){
        return "hi " + name + ",i am from port:" + port;
    }
}

为了体现Ribbon负载均衡需要再创建一个Eureka-Client-2和Eureka-Client-1一样只需要更改yaml文件端口server.port=8763即可

创建Eureka-Ribbon-Client

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>pers.xipiker</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-eureka-ribbon-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud-eureka-ribbon-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-ribbon-client
server:
  port: 8764
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

SpringcloudEurekaRibbonClientApplication.java

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class SpringcloudEurekaRibbonClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudEurekaRibbonClientApplication.class, args);
    }

}

RibbonConfig.java

@Configuration
public class RibbonConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

RibbonService.java

@Service
public class RibbonService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    public String hi(String name){
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client/hi?name=" + name, String.class);
    }
}

RibbonController.java

@RestController
public class RibbonController {
    @Autowired
    RibbonService ribbonService;

    @GetMapping("/hi")
    public String hi(@RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "forezp") String name){
        return ribbonService.hi(name);
    }
}

操作

将如上服务依次打开
http://localhost:8761/ 会显示两个EUREKA-CLIENT和一个EUREKA-RIBBON-CLIENT

不停刷新 http://localhost:8764/hi?name=forezp 会显示轮流显示

hi forezp,i am from port:8762
hi forezp,i am from port:8763

这里为什么会显示port:8762或者port:8763，负载均衡器的核心类为LoadBalancerClient可以获取负载均衡的服务提供者的实例信息，负载均衡器LoadBalancerClient是从Eureka Client 获取服务注册列表信息的，并将服务注册列表信息缓存了一份。在LoadBalancerClient调用choose()方法时，根据负载均衡策略选择一个服务实例的信息，从而进行负载均衡。如果禁止Ribbon从Eureka获取注册列表信息，则需要自己去维护一份服务注册列表信息。根据自己维护服务注册列表的信息，Ribbon也可以实现负载均衡。