数据库字符集编码格式修改

1、首先查看服务端字符集

select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET'
或者
select userenv('language') from dual;

得到例如下字符集:NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8MSWIN1252

2、用sys用户进行修改
>sqlplus 

>Enter user-name: conn / as sysdba
>Enter password:

1) shutdown immediate;
2) startup mount;
3) ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=TRUE;
4) ALTER> SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
5) ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
6) ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
7) ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

8) alter database character set AL32UTF8;

若执行报错：如下
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
RROR at line 1:

于是强制转换
9)ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;
10) shutdown immediate;

11) STARTUP;

再次使用步骤1的语句查看，此时字符编码集合已经被修改成功!