stream流知识总结【详细】

一、stream简介

stream 是针对集合数组等数据源进行逻辑计算的方法。
stream只是计算，并不会修改数据源。
stream只在需要的时候才会执行。

二、stream的生命周期

三、创建stream的几种方法

1. 使用数组

String[] arrays = { "aa" , "bb" , "cc" , "dd" , "ee" , "ff" };
//方法1
Stream<String> arrays1 = Stream.of(arrays);
//方法2
Stream<String> arrays2 = Arrays.stream(arrays);

2. 使用集合

List<String> list = Arrays.asList("aa", "bb", "cc", "dd", "ee", "ff");
//List
Stream<String> arrays3 = list.stream();
HashSet<String> set = new HashSet<>(list);
//Set
Stream<String> arrays4 = set.stream();

3. 使用Stream随机生成

//生成10个随机数
Stream<Double> arrays5 = Stream.generate(new Random()::nextDouble).limit(10);

4. 使用 Stream迭代器

我们可以使用Stream.iterate创建流值，即所谓的无限流

Stream<Integer> array6 = Stream.iterate(1, integer -> integer + 2).limit(10);
array6.forEach(a-> System.out.print(a+"\t"));
result:
1	3	5	7	9	11	13	15	17	19

四、使用stream流的几种方式

// VO 类
public class UserVO {
    private long id;//标识id
    private String userEn; //英文名
    private String userCn; //中文名
    private String department; //所属部门
    private String userType;  //用户类型   
 	// 省略 getter and setter
}
//测试数据
 UserVO u1 = new UserVO(1,"zhangsan","张三","一部","研发");
 UserVO u2 = new UserVO(2,"lisi","李四","二部","研发");
 UserVO u3 = new UserVO(3,"wangwu","王五","一部","市场");
 UserVO u4 = new UserVO(4,"zhangsan","章三","二部","市场");
List<UserVO> list = new ArrayList<UserVO>(){{
    add(u1);add(u2);add(u3);add(u4);
}};

forEach

遍历流中的每个数据

 list.stream().forEach(vo -> System.out.printf(vo.toString()));
 
 result：
UserVO{id=1, userEn='zhangsan', userCn='张三', department='一部', userType='研发'};
UserVO{id=2, userEn='lisi', userCn='李四', department='二部', userType='研发'};
UserVO{id=3, userEn='wangwu', userCn='王五', department='一部', userType='市场'};
UserVO{id=4, userEn='zhangsan', userCn='章三', department='二部', userType='市场'};

filter

字段过滤,需要保留字段的目标表达式直接为true

 Stream<UserVO> userVOStream = list.stream().filter(vo -> "市场".equals(vo.getUserType()));
 userVOStream.forEach(vo -> System.out.printf(vo.toString()));
 
 result：
UserVO{id=3, userEn='wangwu', userCn='王五', department='一部', userType='市场'};
UserVO{id=4, userEn='zhangsan', userCn='章三', department='二部', userType='市场'};

如果是复杂的多条件语句，可用{}包起来，匹配到目标值时return true

 Stream<UserVO> userVOStream = list.stream().filter(vo -> {
     if ("市场".equals(vo.getUserType())){
         return true;
     }else{
         if ("一部".equals(vo.getDepartment())){
             return true;
         }
     }
     return false;
 });
 userVOStream.forEach(vo -> System.out.printf(vo.toString()));
 
	result:
UserVO{id=1, userEn='zhangsan', userCn='张三', department='一部', userType='研发'};
UserVO{id=3, userEn='wangwu', userCn='王五', department='一部', userType='市场'};
UserVO{id=4, userEn='zhangsan', userCn='章三', department='二部', userType='市场'};

map