Spring-IOC-XML配置文件实现-注入属性

qq_25243147

已于 2022-04-22 01:02:59 修改

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签：后端 java

于 2022-04-07 22:11:09 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25243147/article/details/124027807

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一、两种注入属性方式
（1）set方法。
（2）有参构造函数。

二、使用方法
（1）在bean标签内部使用constructor-arg标签可以设置构造函数的参数。
（2）在bean标签内部使用property标签可以在创建对象后给该对象设置属性。

三、具体实现
（1）Maven添加依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

（2）创建类

public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public User() {

    }

    public User(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（3）编写配置文件spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="com.wsh.pojo.User">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

（4）JAVA程序

    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);
        System.out.println(user.toString());
    }

输出

User{id=1, name='李四'}

四、注入外部Bean
（1）创建类
Department类

public class Department {
    private Long id;
    private String name;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Department() {
    }

    public Department(Long id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Department{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Employee类

    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Department department;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }

    public Employee() {
        
    }

    public Employee(Long id, String name, Department department) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.department = department;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", department=" + department +
                '}';
    }
}

（2）编写配置文件spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="department" class="com.wsh.pojo.Department">
        <property name="id" value="1"></property>
        <property name="name" value="研发部"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="employee" class="com.wsh.pojo.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="1"></property>
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
        <property name="department" ref="department"></property>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

（3）JAVA程序

    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Employee employee = context.getBean("employee", Employee.class);
        System.out.println(employee.toString());
    }

输出

Employee{id=1, name='张三', department=Department{id=1, name='研发部'}}

五、注入集合类型
（1）创建类

public class Demo {
    private List<Long> list;
    private Map<Long, String> map;
    private Long[] array;
    private Set<Long> set;

    public List<Long> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<Long> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public Map<Long, String> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<Long, String> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public Long[] getArray() {
        return array;
    }

    public void setArray(Long[] array) {
        this.array = array;
    }

    public Set<Long> getSet() {
        return set;
    }

    public void setSet(Set<Long> set) {
        this.set = set;
    }

    public Demo() {

    }

    public Demo(List<Long> list, Map<Long, String> map, Long[] array, Set<Long> set) {
        this.list = list;
        this.map = map;
        this.array = array;
        this.set = set;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Test{" +
                "list=" + list +
                ", map=" + map +
                ", array=" + Arrays.toString(array) +
                ", set=" + set +
                '}';
    }
}

（2）编写配置文件spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="demo" class="com.wsh.pojo.Demo">
        <property name="array">
            <array>
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="1" value="JAVA"></entry>
                <entry key="2" value="C++"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="set">
            <set>
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

（3）JAVA程序

    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Demo demo = context.getBean("demo", Demo.class);
        System.out.println(demo.toString());
    }

输出

Test{list=[1, 2], map={1=JAVA, 2=C++}, array=[1, 2], set=[1, 2]}

六、将Bean注入集合类型中
（1）创建类

public class Demo {
    private List<Department> departments;

    public List<Department> getDepartments() {
        return departments;
    }

    public void setDepartments(List<Department> departments) {
        this.departments = departments;
    }

    public Demo() {
        
    }

    public Demo(List<Department> departments) {
        this.departments = departments;
    }
    
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Demo{" +
                "departments=" + departments +
                '}';
    }
}

（2）编写配置文件spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="demo" class="com.wsh.pojo.Demo">
        <property name="departments">
            <list>
                <ref bean="department1"></ref>
                <ref bean="department2"></ref>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="department1" class="com.wsh.pojo.Department">
        <property name="id" value="1"></property>
        <property name="name" value="研发部"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="department2" class="com.wsh.pojo.Department">
        <property name="id" value="2"></property>
        <property name="name" value="销售部"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

(3)JAVA程序

    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Demo demo = context.getBean("demo", Demo.class);
        System.out.println(demo.toString());
    }

输出

Demo{departments=[Department{id=1, name='研发部'}, Department{id=2, name='销售部'}]}

七、补充

（1）创建类
Demo类

@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Demo {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
}

Tmp类

@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Tmp {
    private Demo demo;
}

（2）编写配置文件spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="tmp" class="com.wsh.pojo.Tmp">
        <property name="demo">
            <bean class="com.wsh.pojo.Demo">
                <property name="id" value="1"></property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

（3）JAVA程序

    public void test(){
        ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring-config.xml");
        Tmp tmp = context.getBean("tmp", Tmp.class);
        System.out.println(tmp.toString());
    }