Servlet-ServletContext对象

一、介绍
ServletContext对象能获取web项目信息，一个web项目只有一个ServletContext对象。ServletContext对象在Tomcat启动时创建。

二、项目测试
（1）继承HttpServlet类

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        //获取web项目的上下文路径
        String contextPath = servletContext.getContextPath();
        System.out.println(contextPath);
        //获取全局配置参数
        Enumeration<String> initParameterNames = servletContext.getInitParameterNames();
        while (initParameterNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = initParameterNames.nextElement();
            String value = servletContext.getInitParameter(name);
            System.out.println("name:" + name + ", value:" + value);
        }
    }
}

（2）编写web.xml文件，配置Servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <context-param>
        <param-name>username</param-name>
        <param-value>hello</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wsh.servlet.MyServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--load-on-startup的值大于等于0时，Servlet在Tomcat启动时初始化-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

（3）配置Tomcat中的项目上下文路径

（4）运行