python模块06 mock-1基础用法

 0 为什么要使用mock？

测试接口时，需要有对应的接口可以测试才行，否则要等后端开发完，才能进行，

mock模块可以模拟后端接口返回数据，提前根据接口文档准备好后端的静态数据

1mock基础用法

下载：

• python2:

pip install mock 

• python3，无须单独安装

from unittest import mock

1） add 函数， mock(return_value)，模拟函数返回值

方式一：

from unittest import mock
import unittest

def add(a, b):
    pass

class TestAdd(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_add(self):
        add = mock.Mock(return_value = 7)
        self.assertEqual(7, add(3, 4))

方式二：

class SimpleCaculator():
    def sum(num1:int, num2:int):
        return num1 +num2

#c测试用例类
class SumTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test(self):
        s = SimpleCaculator()
        num1 =10
        num2=30
        sum_result =mock.Mock(return_value=40)
        s.sum = sum_result
        self.assertEqual(s.sum(), 40)

2) http请求， mock(return_value)，模拟接口返回值

self.req.visit=Mock(return_value={"msg":test_info["expected"]})
res = self.req.visit(test_info["method"],
                    test_info['url'],
                    json=eval(test_info["data"]),
                    headers=eval(self.headers))

from unittest import mock
import unittest

import requests
import logging

def visit(url,
          params=None,
          data=None,
          json=None,
          method='get',
          **kwargs):
    """
    封装接口

    :return:字典 res.json()
    """
    url = url

    res = requests.request(method,
                           url ,
                           params = params,
                           data=data,
                           json = json,
                           **kwargs)

    try:
        return res.json()
    except Exception as e:
        return None

class TestDemo(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_demo(self):
        visit = mock.Mock(return_value ={"msg":"ok"})
        self.assertEqual({"msg":"ok"}, visit("url"))

 3）对每个页面进行可行性测试，判断是否返回200状态码

""" demo_02_client.py"""

import requests
# 发出get请求
def send_request(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    return r.status_code

# 访问百度
def visit_baidu():
    return send_request("https://www.baidu.com")

import unittest
from unittest import mock
from . import demo_02_client

class TestClient(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_success_request(self):
        success_send = mock.Mock(return_value='200')
        demo_02_client.send_request = success_send
        self.assertEqual(demo_02_client.visit_baidu(), '200')

    def test_fail_request(self):
        forbidden_send = mock.Mock(return_value='403')
        demo_02_client.send_request = forbidden_send
        self.assertEqual(demo_02_client.visit_baidu(), '403')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

4） side_affect,数据库添加数据 mock(side_affect)

side_affect

from mock import Mock

def pay(money):
    """实际支付接口"""
    pass

def request_pay(money):
    "模拟支付接口"
    if isinstance(money, float):
        raise ValueError
    
    return money