JNI实现Java调用C代码Demo AndroidStudio

JNI(Java Native Interface)的本意是Java本地调用,它是为了方便java调用C/C++等本地代码所封装的一层接口

Android NDK（Native Development Kit ）是一套工具集合,通过NDK可以在Android中更加方便的使用JNI来访问本地代码

使用JNI的好处:
- 1.提高代码安全性,本地C代码反编译困难
- 2.方便的使用成熟C开源库,如:OpenGL,OpenSSL,SQLite3,FFmpeg
- 3.便于平台间的移植,so动态库可以很方便的在其他平台使用
- 4.应用程序对运行效率有要求,图形渲染,音视频解码等
- 5.操作底层硬件,Android平台上传感器

JNI的开发流程:

• 1.编写.c代码和.mk编译文件,执行ndk-build命令生成SO库

Android.mk

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)  #提定当前路径

include $(CLEAR_VARS)         #清除全局配置变量，LOCAL_XXX,除了LOCAL_PATH

LOCAL_MODULE    := hello       #指定生成动态库名hello，生成的动态库文件libhello.so
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hello.c     #指定生成动态库的源文件

include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY) #提定生成动态库

hello.c

/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity */


/*
 * Class:     com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity
 * Method:    test
 * Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
 */
jstring JNICALL Java_com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity_hello(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj){

    //jstring     (*NewStringUTF)(JNIEnv*, const char*); 把C字符串转化为java中字符串
    return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env,"C : hello world");
}

可以使用javah命令将JNIActivity生成.h的头文件,如下:

D:\Workspace_AS\CodeRepository\app\src\main\java>javah com.ansen.activity.JNIActivity

/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity */

#ifndef _Included_com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity
#define _Included_com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
 * Class:     com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity
 * Method:    hello
 * Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
 */
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_ansen_activity_JNIActivity_hello
  (JNIEnv *, jobject);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif

把.c和.mk文件放到jni目录下,在D:\Workspace_AS\CodeRepository\app\src\main\jni>路径下执行ndk-build命令(配置好了ndk环境)生成so文件,命令执行log如下:

D:\Workspace_AS\CodeRepository\app\src\main\jni>ndk-build
[arm64-v8a] Compile        : hello <= hello.c
[arm64-v8a] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[arm64-v8a] Install        : libhello.so => libs/arm64-v8a/libhello.so
[x86_64] Compile        : hello <= hello.c
[x86_64] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[x86_64] Install        : libhello.so => libs/x86_64/libhello.so
[mips64] Compile        : hello <= hello.c
[mips64] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[mips64] Install        : libhello.so => libs/mips64/libhello.so
[armeabi-v7a] Compile thumb  : hello <= hello.c
[armeabi-v7a] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[armeabi-v7a] Install        : libhello.so => libs/armeabi-v7a/libhello.so
[armeabi] Compile thumb  : hello <= hello.c
[armeabi] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[armeabi] Install        : libhello.so => libs/armeabi/libhello.so
[x86] Compile        : hello <= hello.c
[x86] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[x86] Install        : libhello.so => libs/x86/libhello.so
[mips] Compile        : hello <= hello.c
[mips] SharedLibrary  : libhello.so
[mips] Install        : libhello.so => libs/mips/libhello.so

• 2.在java中加载so库,声明native方法

package com.ansen.activity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

import com.ansen.common.ToastUtils;

public class JNIActivity extends Activity {

    static {
        System.loadLibrary("hello");
    }

    public native String hello();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        ToastUtils.show(hello() + " ");
    }
}

• 3.配置gradle ndk脚本
  在app/build.gradle文件的android{}中添加一下代码:

// for JNI @{
    sourceSets.main {
        jni.srcDirs = []
        jniLibs.srcDir 'src/main/libs'
    }
    task nativeLibsToJar(type:Zip,description:"create a jar archive of the native libs"){
        destinationDir file("$projectDir/libs")
        baseName "libJniTest"
        extension "jar"
        from fileTree(dir: "libs",include: "**/*.so")
        into "lib"
    }
    tasks.withType(JavaCompile){
        compileTask -> compileTask.dependsOn(nativeLibsToJar)
    }
    //}@

Demo代码地址