在实际的项目中,常遇到延时触发工作以及定时触发工作
这里所讲的是借助第三方的组件 Quartz.Net 来实现(源码位置:https://github.com/quartznet/quartznet)
实现思路(来自博友wuzh)
一:继承并实现IJob接口,在Execute 方法中写你要定时执行的事情(切记 )
二:使用Quartz创建任务调度核心代码步骤
1、配置Quartz,创建工厂,开启调度。
2、创建工作任务
3、创建触发器
4、将任务加入到任务池
Demo 创建控制台应用程序,定时发送邮件以及延时写日志
1 在vs2015中使用Nuget,获取Quartz
2 创建两个作业
/// <summary>
/// 继承并实现IJob接口,在Execute 方法中写你要定时执行的事情(切记 )
/// </summary>
public class MyJob : IJob
{
public Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
{
Task task = null;
try
{
string fileName = "printlog.txt";
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(fileName, true))
{
task = writer.WriteLineAsync(string.Format("{0},测试", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0},测试", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()));
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发邮件
/// </summary>
public class SendEmailJob : IJob
{
public Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
{
//Smtp
sendEmail.SendMailUseGmail("49564753X@qq.com", "49564753X@qq.com", "terryK", "Quartz.net定时作业", "Quartz.net定时发送邮件", "tiyklkinqanxbgXX", 587, "smtp.qq.com", true);
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class sendEmail
{
public static Task SendMailUseGmail(string toUserAddress, string fromUserAddress, string fromUserName, string contextName, string context, string fromUserPass, int port, string host, bool sslState)
{
using (MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage())
{
mailMessage.To.Add(toUserAddress);
mailMessage.From = new MailAddress(fromUserAddress, fromUserName, Encoding.UTF8);
mailMessage.Subject = contextName;
mailMessage.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
mailMessage.Body = context;
mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = false;
mailMessage.Priority = MailPriority.High;
SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient();
smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(fromUserAddress, fromUserPass);
smtpClient.Port = port;
smtpClient.Host = host;
smtpClient.EnableSsl = sslState;
try
{
smtpClient.Send(mailMessage);
Console.WriteLine("发送成功,请查看");
}
catch (SmtpException var_3_A8)
{
Console.WriteLine(var_3_A8.ToString());
}
}
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
3 创建QuartzHelper,用于配置环境以及完成 IScheduler, IJobDetails 与 ITrigger之间的配置
public class QuartzHelper
{
static readonly IScheduler _scheduler;
static QuartzHelper()
{
#region 配置 Quartz
NameValueCollection properties = new NameValueCollection
{
{"quartz.serializer.type","binary"}
};
// 设置线程池
properties["quartz.threadPool.type"] = "Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz";
//设置线程池的最大线程数量
properties["quartz.threadPool.threadCount"] = "10";
//设置作业中每个线程的优先级
properties["quartz.threadPool.threadPriority"] = ThreadPriority.Normal.ToString();
// 远程输出配置
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.type"] = "Quartz.Simpl.RemotingSchedulerExporter, Quartz";
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.port"] = "555"; //配置端口号
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.bindName"] = "QuartzScheduler";
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelType"] = "tcp"; //协议类型
#endregion
//创建一个工厂
var schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory(properties);
//启动
_scheduler = schedulerFactory.GetScheduler().Result;
//1、开启调度
_scheduler.Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// 时间间隔执行任务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">任务类,必须实现IJob接口</typeparam>
/// <param name="seconds">时间间隔(单位:秒)</param>
public static async Task AsyncExecuteInterval<T>(int seconds) where T : IJob
{
//2、创建工作任务
IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<T>()
.WithIdentity("printlog", "LogGroup")
.Build();
// 3、创建触发器
ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
.StartNow()
.WithIdentity("LogTrigger", "LogGroup")
.WithSimpleSchedule(x => x.WithIntervalInSeconds(seconds).RepeatForever())
.Build();
//4、将任务加入到任务池
await _scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定时间执行任务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">任务类,必须实现IJob接口</typeparam>
/// <param name="cronExpression">cron表达式,即指定时间点的表达式</param>
public static async Task<bool> AsyncExecuteByCron<T>(string cronExpression) where T : IJob
{
//2、创建工作任务
IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<T>()
.WithIdentity("SendEmailJob", "EmailGroup")
.Build();
//3、创建触发器
ICronTrigger trigger = (ICronTrigger)TriggerBuilder.Create()
.StartNow()
.WithIdentity("SendEmail", "EmailGroup")
.WithCronSchedule(cronExpression)
.Build();
//4、将任务加入到任务池
await _scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
return true;
}
}
4 运行调用
public class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Task.Run(() =>
{
string cronExpression = "0 36 15,20 ? * MON-FRI"; // =>周一到周五 每天上午8:30以及下午8:30执行定时任务(发送邮件)
QuartzHelper.AsyncExecuteByCron<SendEmailJob>(cronExpression).Wait();
});//=>这是调用Cron计划方法
Task.Run(() => QuartzHelper.AsyncExecuteInterval<MyJob>(5).Wait());
/*
简单说一下Cron表达式:
由7段构成:秒 分 时 日 月 星期 年(可选)
"-" :表示范围 MON-WED表示星期一到星期三
"," :表示列举 MON,WEB表示星期一和星期三
"*" :表是“每”,每月,每天,每周,每年等
"/" :表示增量:0/15(处于分钟段里面) 每15分钟,在0分以后开始,3/20 每20分钟,从3分钟以后开始
"?" :只能出现在日,星期段里面,表示不指定具体的值
"L" :只能出现在日,星期段里面,是Last的缩写,一个月的最后一天,一个星期的最后一天(星期六)
"W" :表示工作日,距离给定值最近的工作日
"#" :表示一个月的第几个星期几,例如:"6#3"表示每个月的第三个星期五(1=SUN...6=FRI,7=SAT)
如果Minutes的数值是 '0/15' ,表示从0开始每15分钟执行
如果Minutes的数值是 '3/20' ,表示从3开始每20分钟执行,也就是‘3/23/43’
*/
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
5 整个Demo代码
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Mail;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Quartz
{
public class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Task.Run(() =>
{
string cronExpression = "0 30 8,20 ? * MON-FRI"; // =>周一到周五 每天上午8:30以及下午8:30执行定时任务(发送邮件)
QuartzHelper.AsyncExecuteByCron<SendEmailJob>(cronExpression).Wait();
});//=>这是调用Cron计划方法
Task.Run(() => QuartzHelper.AsyncExecuteInterval<MyJob>(5).Wait());
/*
简单说一下Cron表达式:
由7段构成:秒 分 时 日 月 星期 年(可选)
"-" :表示范围 MON-WED表示星期一到星期三
"," :表示列举 MON,WEB表示星期一和星期三
"*" :表是“每”,每月,每天,每周,每年等
"/" :表示增量:0/15(处于分钟段里面) 每15分钟,在0分以后开始,3/20 每20分钟,从3分钟以后开始
"?" :只能出现在日,星期段里面,表示不指定具体的值
"L" :只能出现在日,星期段里面,是Last的缩写,一个月的最后一天,一个星期的最后一天(星期六)
"W" :表示工作日,距离给定值最近的工作日
"#" :表示一个月的第几个星期几,例如:"6#3"表示每个月的第三个星期五(1=SUN...6=FRI,7=SAT)
如果Minutes的数值是 '0/15' ,表示从0开始每15分钟执行
如果Minutes的数值是 '3/20' ,表示从3开始每20分钟执行,也就是‘3/23/43’
*/
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 继承并实现IJob接口,在Execute 方法中写你要定时执行的事情(切记 )
/// </summary>
public class MyJob : IJob
{
public Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
{
Task task = null;
try
{
string fileName = "printlog.txt";
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(fileName, true))
{
task = writer.WriteLineAsync(string.Format("{0},测试", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0},测试", DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()));
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发邮件
/// </summary>
public class SendEmailJob : IJob
{
public Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
{
//Smtp
sendEmail.SendMailUseGmail("49564753X@qq.com", "49564753X@qq.com", "terryK", "Quartz.net定时作业", "Quartz.net定时发送邮件", "tiyklkinqanxbgXX", 587, "smtp.qq.com", true);
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class sendEmail
{
public static Task SendMailUseGmail(string toUserAddress, string fromUserAddress, string fromUserName, string contextName, string context, string fromUserPass, int port, string host, bool sslState)
{
using (MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage())
{
mailMessage.To.Add(toUserAddress);
mailMessage.From = new MailAddress(fromUserAddress, fromUserName, Encoding.UTF8);
mailMessage.Subject = contextName;
mailMessage.SubjectEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
mailMessage.Body = context;
mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = false;
mailMessage.Priority = MailPriority.High;
SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient();
smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(fromUserAddress, fromUserPass);
smtpClient.Port = port;
smtpClient.Host = host;
smtpClient.EnableSsl = sslState;
try
{
smtpClient.Send(mailMessage);
Console.WriteLine("发送成功,请查看");
}
catch (SmtpException var_3_A8)
{
Console.WriteLine(var_3_A8.ToString());
}
}
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class QuartzHelper
{
static readonly IScheduler _scheduler;
static QuartzHelper()
{
#region 配置 Quartz
NameValueCollection properties = new NameValueCollection
{
{"quartz.serializer.type","binary"}
};
// 设置线程池
properties["quartz.threadPool.type"] = "Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz";
//设置线程池的最大线程数量
properties["quartz.threadPool.threadCount"] = "10";
//设置作业中每个线程的优先级
properties["quartz.threadPool.threadPriority"] = ThreadPriority.Normal.ToString();
// 远程输出配置
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.type"] = "Quartz.Simpl.RemotingSchedulerExporter, Quartz";
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.port"] = "555"; //配置端口号
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.bindName"] = "QuartzScheduler";
properties["quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelType"] = "tcp"; //协议类型
#endregion
//创建一个工厂
var schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory(properties);
//启动
_scheduler = schedulerFactory.GetScheduler().Result;
//1、开启调度
_scheduler.Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// 时间间隔执行任务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">任务类,必须实现IJob接口</typeparam>
/// <param name="seconds">时间间隔(单位:秒)</param>
public static async Task AsyncExecuteInterval<T>(int seconds) where T : IJob
{
//2、创建工作任务
IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<T>()
.WithIdentity("printlog", "LogGroup")
.Build();
// 3、创建触发器
ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
.StartNow()
.WithIdentity("LogTrigger", "LogGroup")
.WithSimpleSchedule(x => x.WithIntervalInSeconds(seconds).RepeatForever())
.Build();
//4、将任务加入到任务池
await _scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定时间执行任务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">任务类,必须实现IJob接口</typeparam>
/// <param name="cronExpression">cron表达式,即指定时间点的表达式</param>
public static async Task<bool> AsyncExecuteByCron<T>(string cronExpression) where T : IJob
{
//2、创建工作任务
IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<T>()
.WithIdentity("SendEmailJob", "EmailGroup")
.Build();
//3、创建触发器
ICronTrigger trigger = (ICronTrigger)TriggerBuilder.Create()
.StartNow()
.WithIdentity("SendEmail", "EmailGroup")
.WithCronSchedule(cronExpression)
.Build();
//4、将任务加入到任务池
await _scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
return true;
}
}
}