对于前面的 Makefile , 当我们改动了 foo.c 文件时,会导致 libfoo.a 库的重新编译,但并没有使得 huge.exe 重新编译。原因是:我们只是指定了 huge.exe 生成时所需的库,并没有让 huge.exe 依赖于这些库文件,所以库文件的改动并不能使得 huge.exe 被重新编译
解决:前面提出, LINK_LIBS 已经指明了 huge.exe 生成时所需库文件,我们可以让 huge.exe 依赖于这些库。要让 huge.exe 依赖于这些库,必须列出库的具体路径。LINK_LIBS 变量中可能会指定一些并非是由 huge 项目生成的库,比如系统库 libc.a 等。显然,对于不是有 huge 项目生成的库, huge.exe 不应该依赖于它们。对此,LINK_LIBS 变量中的库文件,应当需要检查它们是否存在于 build / libs 目录中,如果不存在于这一目录中,则不应该将这些库当做是 huge.exe 的先决条件。
huge / build / make.rule
.PHONY : all clean
NKDIR = mkdir
RM = rm
RMFLAG = -rf
CC = gcc
AR = ar
ARFLAG = crs
DIR_OBJS = objs
DIR_EXES = $(ROOT)/build/exes
DIR_DEPS = deps
DIR_LIBS = $(ROOT)/build/libs
DIRS = $(DIR_OBJS) $(DIR_EXES) $(DIR_DEPS) $(DIR_LIBS)
RMS = $(DIR_OBJS) $(DIR_DEPS)
ifneq("$(EXE)", "")
EXE := $(addprefix $(DIR_EXES)/, $(EXE))
RMS += $(EXE)
endif
ifneq("$(LIB)", "")
LIB := $(addprefix $(DIR_LIBS)/, $(LIB))
RMS += $(LIB)
endif
SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
OBJS = $(SRCS :.c = .o)
OBJS := $(addprefix $(DIR_OBJS)/, $(OBJS))
DEPS = $(SRCS :.c = .dep)
DEPS := $(addprefix $(DIR_DEPS)/, $(DEPS))
ifeq("$(wildcard $(DIR_OBJS))", "")
DEP_DIR_OBJS := $(DIR_OBJS)
endif
ifeq("$(wildcard $(DIR_EXES))", "")
DEP_DIR_EXES := $(DIR_EXES)
endif
ifeq("$(wildcard $(DIR_DEPS))", "")
DEP_DIR_DEPS := $(DIR_DEPS)
endif
ifeq("$(wildcard $(DIR_LIBS))", "")
DEP_DIR_LIBS := $(DIR_LIBS)
endif
all : $(EXE) $(LIB)
ifneq($MAKECMDGOALS, clean)
include $(DEPS)
endif
ifneq($(INCLUDE_DIRS), "")
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(strips $(INCLUDE_DIRS))
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(addprefix -I, $(INCLUDE_DIRS))
endif
ifneq($(LINK_LIBS), "")
LINK_LIBS := $(strip $(LINK_LIBS))
LIB_ALL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(DIR_LIBS)/*))
LIB_FILTERED := $(addsuffix %, $(addprefix lib, $(LINK_LIBS)))
$(eval DEP_LIBS = $(filter $(LIB_FILTERED), $(LIB_ALL)))
DEP_LIBS := $(addprefix $(DIB_LIBS)/, $(DEP_LIBS))
LINK_LIBS := $(addprefix -l, $(LINK_LIBS))
endif
$(DIRS) :
$(MKDIR) $@
$(EXE) : $(DEP_DIR_EXE) $(OBJS) $(DEP_LIBS)
$(CC) -L$(DIR_LIBS) -o $@ $(filter %.o, $^)
$(LIB) : $(DEP_DIR_LIB) $(OBJS)
$(AR) $(ARFLAG) $@ $(filter %.o, $^)
$(DIR_OBJS) / %.o : $(DEP_DIR_OBJS) %.c
$(CC) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -o $@ -c $(filter %.c, $^)
$(DIR_DEPS) / %.dep : $(DEP_DIR_DEPS) %.c
@echo "Creating $@ ..."
@set -e;\
$(RM) $(RMFLAG) $@.tmp;\
$(CC) $(INCLUDE_DIRS) -E -MM $(filter %.c, $^) > $@.tmp;\
sed 's,\(.*\)\.o[ :]*,objs/\1.o $@: ,g' < $@.tmp > $@;\
$(RM) $(RMFLAG) $@.tmp
clean :
$(RM) $(RMFLAG) $(RMS)
其中,第一次使用到 notdir 和 eval 函数以获得 huge.exe 所依赖的库文件的具体路径。$(DEP_LIBS) 最后被当做 $(EXE) 目标的先决条件
运行结果:
/Makefile/huge/build
$ touch /Makefile/huge/code/foo/src/foo.c
$ make
make[1] : Entering directory /Makefile/huge/code/foo/src
make[1] : Nothing to be done for all'
make[1] : Leaving directory /Makefile/huge/code/foo/src
make[1] : Entering directory /Makefile/huge/code/bar/src
Creating deps / bar.dep ...
make[1] : Leaving directory /Makefile/huge/code/bar/src
make[1] : Entering directory /Makefile/huge/code/bar/src
gcc -I/Makefile/huge/code/foo/inc -o objs/bar.o -c bar.c
ar crs /Makefile/huge/build/libs/libbar.a objs/bar.o
make[1] : Leaving directory /Makefile/huge/code/bar/src
make[1] : Entering directory /Makefile/huge/code/huge/src
gcc -L/Makefile/huge/build/libs -o /Makefile/huge/build/exes/huge.exe objs/main.o -lfoo -lbar
make[1] : Leaving directory /Makefile/huge/code/huge
/src
:-) Completed
参考文献:《专业嵌入式软件开发》李云·著
2016年7月6日,星期三