Thread：线程顺序执行的四种方式

线程顺序执行的四种方式

• 1、通过监测信号
  每个线程对应自己的一个信号，监测到信号就执行，执行完就将信号更改为下一个线程的信号
• 2、通过FutureTask可以阻塞获取返回值的特性
  顺序开启线程并获取返回值，线程将依次执行，返回结果
• 3、通过join()阻塞等待线程执行完
  按线程执行顺序，依次join()进行阻塞
• 4、通过单线程线程池特性
  线程池中只有一个线程，任务会在队列中，按提交顺序依次执行

线程顺序执行的代码示例

public class ThreadOrder {

    public static List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //1、通过监测信号
        //每个线程对应自己的一个信号，监测到信号就执行，执行完就将信号更改为下一个线程的信号
        Thread t11 = new Thread("通过监测信号 : 0"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (list.get(0) != 0){
                    try {Thread.sleep(500);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                }
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
                list.remove(0);
            }
        };
        Thread t12 = new Thread("通过监测信号 : 1"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (list.get(0) != 1){
                    try {Thread.sleep(500);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                }
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
                list.remove(0);
            }
        };
        Thread t13 = new Thread("通过监测信号 : 2"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (list.get(0) != 2){
                    try {Thread.sleep(500);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                }
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
                list.remove(0);
            }
        };
        list.add(0);
        list.add(1);
        list.add(2);
        t11.start();
        t12.start();
        t13.start();

        //2、通过FutureTask可以阻塞获取返回值的特性
        FutureTask<String> task1 = new FutureTask<>(new Callable<String>() {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 执行任务");
                return Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 返回值";
            }
        });
        Thread t21 = new Thread(task1,"通过FutureTask : 0");
        FutureTask<String> task2 = new FutureTask<>(new Callable<String>() {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 执行任务");
                return Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 返回值";
            }
        });
        Thread t22 = new Thread(task2,"通过FutureTask : 1");
        FutureTask<String> task3 = new FutureTask<>(new Callable<String>() {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 执行任务");
                return Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : 返回值";
            }
        });
        Thread t23 = new Thread(task3,"通过FutureTask : 2");

        t21.start();
        try {System.out.println(task1.get());}catch (Exception ignore){}
        t22.start();
        try {System.out.println(task2.get());}catch (Exception ignore){}
        t23.start();
        try {System.out.println(task3.get());}catch (Exception ignore){}

        //3、通过join()阻塞等待线程执行完
        Thread t31 = new Thread("通过join()阻塞 : 0"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        Thread t32 = new Thread("通过join()阻塞 : 1"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        Thread t33 = new Thread("通过join()阻塞 : 2"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        t31.start();
        try {t31.join();}catch (Exception ignore){}
        t32.start();
        try {t32.join();}catch (Exception ignore){}
        t33.start();
        try {t33.join();}catch (Exception ignore){}

        //4、通过单线程线程池特性
        ExecutorService pool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Thread t41 = new Thread("通过单线程线程池 : 0"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        Thread t42 = new Thread("通过单线程线程池 : 1"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        Thread t43 = new Thread("通过单线程线程池 : 2"){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception ignore){}
                System.out.println(super.getName() + " : 执行任务");
            }
        };
        pool.submit(t41);
        pool.submit(t42);
        pool.submit(t43);
        pool.shutdown();
    }
}