【tensorflow】scope的使用以及tf.Variable()和tf.get_variable()的区别

1.Scope

作用：

①为scope内的op和tensor的name增加前缀，方便管理

②其reuse参数可用来变量共享

两种scope:

①tf.name_scope(name): 为scope内的op和tf.Variable()/tf.constant()创建的tensor添加前缀name，例子如下

with tf.name_scope('scope1') as scope1:
    var1=tf.Variable(name='var1',initial_value=1)
    var2=tf.get_variable(name='var2',shape=())
    init_op=tf.initialize_all_variables()
print(var1.name)
print(var2.name)
print(init_op.name)

result:

scope1/var1:0

var2L0

scope1/init

②tf.variable_scope(name): 为scope内的所有op和tensor添加前缀name，例子如下

with tf.variable_scope('scope1') as scope1:
    var1=tf.Variable(name='var1',initial_value=1)
    var2=tf.get_variable(name='var2',shape=())
    init_op=tf.initialize_all_variables()

print(var1.name)
print(var2.name)
print(init_op.name)

result:

scope1/var1:0
scope1/var2:0
scope1/init

利用tf.get_variable_scope()返回的obj可获取当前scope的信息，如.name()获取scope名等

2.tf.Variable()和tf.get_variable()的区别

①如前所述，tf,Variable()受name_scope影响，tf.get_variable()则不受

②创建name冲突的变量时，tf.Variable()自动变更name，而tf.get_variable()根据scope的reuse是否为true，返回或创建参数，实现变量共享

共享参数，是指name已存在，则获取，若不存在，则创建。

例子：

with tf.variable_scope('scope1') as scope1:
    var1=tf.get_variable(name='var1',shape=())
    var2 = tf.get_variable(name='var1', shape=())
print(var1.name)
print(var2.name)

result:

ValueError: Variable scope1/var1 already exists, disallowed.

with tf.variable_scope('scope1') as scope1:
    var1 = tf.get_variable(name='var1', shape=())
with tf.variable_scope(scope1, reuse=True):
    var2 = tf.get_variable(name='var1', shape=())
print(var1.name)
print(var2.name)
print(var1==var2)

result:

scope1/var1:0 

scope1/var1:0

True

事实上可以直接修改scope的reuse参数，更为简便

with tf.variable_scope('scope1') as scope1:
    var1 = tf.get_variable(name='var1', shape=())
    scope1.reuse_variables()
    var2 = tf.get_variable(name='var1', shape=())
print(var1.name)
print(var2.name)
print(var1==var2)