LeetCode---Maximum Depth of Binary Tree、Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal

104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree

Given a binary tree, find its maximum depth.

The maximum depth is the number of nodes along the longest path from the root node down to the farthest leaf node.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its depth = 3.

给定一个二叉树，找出其最大深度。

二叉树的深度为根节点到最远叶子节点的最长路径上的节点数。

说明: 叶子节点是指没有子节点的节点。

思路：用递归

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def maxDepth(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: int
        """
        if root is None:
            return 0
        return max(self.maxDepth(root.left),self.maxDepth(root.right))+1

105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal

Given preorder and inorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree.

Note:
You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree.

For example, given

preorder = [3,9,20,15,7]
inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]

Return the following binary tree:

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

根据一棵树的前序遍历与中序遍历构造二叉树。

思路：先序遍历的开头第一个元素是根元素，找到其在中序遍历中的位置，分割出左右子树。再根据左右子树的长度在先序遍历中划分。

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def buildTree(self, preorder, inorder):
        """
        :type preorder: List[int]
        :type inorder: List[int]
        :rtype: TreeNode
        """
        if not preorder or not inorder:
            return None
        root=TreeNode(preorder[0])
        j=inorder.index(preorder[0])
        root.left=self.buildTree(preorder[1:j+1],inorder[0:j])
        root.right=self.buildTree(preorder[j+1:],inorder[j+1:])
        return root

106. Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal

Given inorder and postorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree.

Note:
You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree.

For example, given

inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]
postorder = [9,15,7,20,3]

Return the following binary tree:

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

根据一棵树的中序遍历与后序遍历构造二叉树。

思路：和上题一样，都用递归实现

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def buildTree(self, inorder, postorder):
        """
        :type inorder: List[int]
        :type postorder: List[int]
        :rtype: TreeNode
        """
        if not inorder or not postorder:
            return None
        root=TreeNode(postorder[-1])
        j=inorder.index(postorder[-1])
        root.left=self.buildTree(inorder[0:j],postorder[0:j])
        root.right=self.buildTree(inorder[j+1:],postorder[j:-1])
        return root