Multiply Strings
Given two non-negative integers num1 and num2 represented as strings, return the product of num1 and num2.
Note:
- The length of both num1 and num2 is < 110.
- Both num1 and num2 contains only digits 0-9.
- Both num1 and num2 does not contain any leading zero.
- You must not use any built-in BigInteger library or convert the inputs to integer directly.
Solution1:
public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
if (num1.equals("0") || num2.equals("0")) {
return "0";
}
char[] result = new char[num1.length() + num2.length()];
for (int i = num1.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
for (int j = num2.length() - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
multiply(num1.charAt(i), num2.charAt(j), result, i + j + 1);
}
}
int index = result[0] == 0 ? 1 : 0;
return new String(result, index, result.length - index);
}
private void plus(int i, int index, char[] chars) {
if (i == 0 && index <= 0) {
return;
}
if (chars[index] == 0) {
chars[index] = (char) (i + '0');
} else {
int x = (chars[index] - '0') + i;
chars[index] = (char) (x % 10 + '0');
plus(x / 10, index - 1, chars);
}
}
private void multiply(char c1, char c2, char[] chars, int index) {
int x = (c1 - '0') * (c2 - '0');
plus(x % 10, index, chars);
plus(x / 10, index - 1, chars);
}
Solution2:
public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
int m = num1.length(), n = num2.length();
int[] pos = new int[m + n];
for (int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
int mul = (num1.charAt(i) - '0') * (num2.charAt(j) - '0');
int p1 = i + j, p2 = i + j + 1;
int sum = mul + pos[p2];
pos[p1] += sum / 10;
pos[p2] = (sum) % 10;
}
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int p : pos)
if (!(sb.length() == 0 && p == 0))
sb.append(p);
return sb.length() == 0 ? "0" : sb.toString();
}
Solution3:
better
public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
int len1 = num1.length();
int len2 = num2.length();
int[] result = new int[len1 + len2];
for (int i = len1 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
for (int j = len2 - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
multiply(num1.charAt(i), num2.charAt(j), result, i + j + 1);
}
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i : result) {
if (!(sb.length() == 0 && i == 0))
sb.append(i);
}
return sb.length() == 0 ? "0" : sb.toString();
}
private void multiply(char c1, char c2, int[] result, int index) {
int sum = (c1 - '0') * (c2 - '0') + result[index];
result[index] = sum % 10;
result[index - 1] += sum / 10;
}