java对象输入输出流的使用

序列化

一个类必须实现了Serializable 接口,其对象才能序列化,Serializable接口没有方法或字段,仅用于标识可序列化的语义

ObjectOutputStream

对象输出流.通过使用流中的文件可以实现对象的持久存储.
1.构造器
ObjectOutputStream(OutputStream out) //传入一个文件流,用于存储对象
2.主要方法
public final void writeObject(Object obj) throws IOException
当 OutputStream 中出现问题或者遇到不应序列化的类时，将抛出异常。

ObjectInputStream

对ObjectOutputStream写入的数据和对象进行反序列,恢复以前那些以前序列的对象
1.构造器
public ObjectInputStream(InputStream in)throws IOException //创建从指定 InputStream 读取的 ObjectInputStream。
2.主要方法
public final Object readObject() throws IOException,ClassNotFoundException //从 ObjectInputStream 读取对象
当 InputStream 中出现问题或者遇到不应反序列化的类时，将抛出异常。

代码实现

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Scanner;


public class FileTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("教师的基本信息录入");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入姓名:");
        String name = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入年龄:");
        int age = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入工号:");
        String tno = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入工资:");
        float salary = scanner.nextFloat();
        Teacher teacher=new Teacher(name, age, tno, salary);

        //1.将该对象保存到文件中
        try {
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream("my.dat");
            ObjectOutputStream outobj=new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
            outobj.writeObject(teacher);
            outobj.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //2.读取文件
        try {
            FileInputStream file=new FileInputStream("my.dat");
            ObjectInputStream inobj=new ObjectInputStream(file);
            Teacher t1=(Teacher) inobj.readObject();
            System.out.println(t1.toString());
            inobj.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Person implements Serializable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Person(String name, int age) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

class Teacher extends Person implements Serializable{
    private String tno; //工号
    private float salary;//工资
    public Teacher(String name, int age,String tno, float salary) {
        super(name, age);
        this.tno = tno;
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public String getTno() {
        return tno;
    }
    public void setTno(String tno) {
        this.tno = tno;
    }
    public float getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher [tno=" + tno + ", salary=" + salary + ",name="
                + super.getName() + ",age=" + super.getAge() + "]";
    }

}