前言
Source Generators
顾名思义代码生成器,可进行创建编译时代码,也就是所谓的编译时元编程
,这可让一些运行时映射的代码改为编译时,同样也加快了速度,我们可避免那种昂贵的开销,这是有价值的。
实现ISourceGenerator
集成ISourceGenerator
接口,实现接口用于代码生成策略,它的生命周期由编译器控制,它可以在编译时创建时创建并且添加到编译中的代码,它为我们提供了编译时元编程,从而使我们对C#代码或者非C#源文件进行内部的检查。
[Generator]
class CustomGenerator: ISourceGenerator
{
public void Initialize(GeneratorInitializationContext context)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public void Execute(GeneratorExecutionContext context)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
public void Execute(GeneratorExecutionContext context)
{
var compilation = context.Compilation;
var simpleCustomInterfaceSymbol = compilation.GetTypeByMetadataName("SourceGeneratorDemo.ICustom");
const string code = @"
using System;
namespace SourceGeneratorDemo
{
public partial class Program{
public static void Display(){
Console.WriteLine(""Hello World!"");
}
}
}";
if (!(context.SyntaxReceiver is CustomSyntaxReceiver receiver))
return;
//语法树可参考Roslyn Docs
SyntaxTree syntaxTree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code);
//context.AddSource("a.class", code);
context.AddSource("a.class", SourceText.From(text: code, encoding: Encoding.UTF8));
//https://github.com/gfoidl-Tests/SourceGeneratorTest
{
StringBuilder sb = new();
sb.Append(@"using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
#nullable enable
[CompilerGenerated]
public static class ExportDumper
{
public static void Dump()
{");
foreach (BaseTypeDeclarationSyntax tds in receiver.Syntaxes)
{
sb.Append($@"
Console.WriteLine(""type: {GetType(tds)}\tname: {tds.Identifier}\tfile: {Path.GetFileName(tds.SyntaxTree.FilePath)}"");");
}
sb.AppendLine(@"
}
}");
SourceText sourceText = SourceText.From(sb.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8);
context.AddSource("DumpExports.generated", sourceText);
static string GetType(BaseTypeDeclarationSyntax tds) => tds switch
{
ClassDeclarationSyntax => "class",
RecordDeclarationSyntax => "record",
StructDeclarationSyntax => "struct",
_ => "-"
};
}
}
context.AddSource
字符串形式的源码添加到编译中,SourceText
原文本抽象类,SourceText.From
静态方法,Code指定要创建的源码内容,Encoding设置保存的编码格式,默认为UTF8,context.SyntaxReceiver
可以获取在初始化期间注册的ISyntaxReceiver
,获取创建的实例
实现ISyntaxReceiver
ISyntaxReceiver
接口作为一个语法收集器的定义,可实现该接口,通过对该接口的实现,可过滤生成器所需
public class CustomSyntaxReceiver : ISyntaxReceiver
{
public List<BaseTypeDeclarationSyntax> Syntaxes { get; } = new();
/// <summary>
/// 访问语法树
/// </summary>
/// <param name="syntaxNode"></param>
public void OnVisitSyntaxNode(SyntaxNode syntaxNode)
{
if (syntaxNode is BaseTypeDeclarationSyntax cds)
{
Syntaxes.Add(cds);
}
}
}
可以再此处进行过滤,如通过ClassDeclarationSyntax
过滤Class
类,当然也可以改为BaseTypeDeclarationSyntax
,或者也可以使用InterfaceDeclarationSyntax
添加接口类等等
调试
对于Source Generator可以通过添加Debugger.Launch()
的形式进行对编译时的生成器进行调试,可以通过它很便捷的一步步调试代码.
public void Initialize(GeneratorInitializationContext context)
{
Debugger.Launch();
......
}
Library&Properties
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj"
OutputItemType="Analyzer"
ReferenceOutputAssembly="false" />
</ItemGroup>
ReferenceOutputAssembly
:如果设置为false,则不包括引用项目的输出作为此项目的引用,但仍可确保在此项目之前生成其他项目。 默认为 true。OutputItemType
:可选项,将目标要输出的类型,默认为空,如果引用值设置为true(默认值),那么目标输出将为编译器的引用。
Reference
https://github.com/hueifeng/BlogSample/tree/master/src/SourceGeneratorDemo