Spring 简单Java程序(非web项目)使用应用上下文

一、Spring 使用应用上下文

1.1 工程目录结构

1.2 引入maven配置

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
	<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

1.3 创建applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

	<!-- 自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="mine" />
</beans>

1.4 使用应用上下文

Spring自带了多种类型的应用上下文。下面罗列的几个是你最有可能遇到的。

• AnnotationConfigApplicationContext：从一个或多个基于Java的配置类中加载Spring应用上下文。
• AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext：从一个或多个基于Java的配置类中加载Spring Web应用上下文。
• ClassPathXmlApplicationContext：从类路径下的一个或多个XML配置文件中加载上下文定义，把应用上下文的定义文件作为类资源。
• FileSystemXmlApplicationContext：从文件系统下的一个或多个XML配置文件中加载上下文定义。
• XmlWebApplicationContext：从Web应用下的一个或多个XML配置文件中加载上下文定义。

1)创建接口类

package mine;

public interface Fruit {

    String getName();

    String color();
}

2)创建实现类

package mine;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Apple implements Fruit{

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "Apple";
    }

    @Override
    public String color() {
        return "Red";
    }
}

3) 获取spring上下文

package mine;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String filePath = Test.class.getResource("applicationContext.xml").toString();
        ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(filePath);
        Object o = context.getBean("apple");

        System.out.println("object name: " + o.getClass().getName());

        Apple apple = (Apple)o;

        System.out.println("名称: "+ apple.getName() + ";" + "颜色：" + apple.color());

    }
}

4)执行结果

object name: mine.Apple
名称: Apple;颜色：Red