文件导出字体缺失报错

一、报错分析：

生产环境中生成 excel 使用 EasyExcel.write 报空指针错误

java.lang.NullPointerException: null
	at sun.awt.FontConfiguration.getVersion(FontConfiguration.java:1264)
	at sun.awt.FontConfiguration.readFontConfigFile(FontConfiguration.java:219)
	at sun.awt.FontConfiguration.init(FontConfiguration.java:107)
	at sun.awt.X11FontManager.createFontConfiguration(X11FontManager.java:774)
	at sun.font.SunFontManager$2.run(SunFontManager.java:431)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at sun.font.SunFontManager.<init>(SunFontManager.java:376)
	at sun.awt.FcFontManager.<init>(FcFontManager.java:35)
	at sun.awt.X11FontManager.<init>(X11FontManager.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
	at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
	at sun.font.FontManagerFactory$1.run(FontManagerFactory.java:83)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at sun.font.FontManagerFactory.getInstance(FontManagerFactory.java:74)
	at java.awt.Font.getFont2D(Font.java:491)
	at java.awt.Font.canDisplayUpTo(Font.java:2064)
	at java.awt.font.TextLayout.singleFont(TextLayout.java:470)
	at java.awt.font.TextLayout.<init>(TextLayout.java:531)
	at org.apache.poi.ss.util.SheetUtil.getDefaultCharWidth(SheetUtil.java:275)
	at org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.AutoSizeColumnTracker.<init>(AutoSizeColumnTracker.java:117)
	at org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet.<init>(SXSSFSheet.java:82)
	at org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook.createAndRegisterSXSSFSheet(SXSSFWorkbook.java:658)
	at org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook.createSheet(SXSSFWorkbook.java:679)
	at org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook.createSheet(SXSSFWorkbook.java:90)
	at com.alibaba.excel.util.WorkBookUtil.createSheet(WorkBookUtil.java:66)
	at com.alibaba.excel.context.WriteContextImpl.createSheet(WriteContextImpl.java:205)
	at com.alibaba.excel.context.WriteContextImpl.initSheet(WriteContextImpl.java:185)
	at com.alibaba.excel.context.WriteContextImpl.currentSheet(WriteContextImpl.java:122)
	at com.alibaba.excel.write.ExcelBuilderImpl.addContent(ExcelBuilderImpl.java:53)
	at com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter.write(ExcelWriter.java:161)
	at com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter.write(ExcelWriter.java:146)
	at com.alibaba.excel.write.builder.ExcelWriterSheetBuilder.doWrite(ExcelWriterSheetBuilder.java:61)
	........
	at java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:175)
	at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382)

二、原因分析：

原因1：OpenJDK比OracleJDK简化了一些功能，所以后端绘制验证码所要用到Java的AWT组件就被简化了，结果报出空指针。

原因2：8u111-jdk-alpine 字体缺少FontConfiguration

原因3：系统中字体库缺少 dejavu

三、解决方案：

1、基于操作系统安装FontConfig组件

Centos 系统（已解决）:
yum install fontconfig
fc-cache --force (刷新字体)
重启服务

Alpine 系统：
apk add fontconfig
apk add --update ttf-dejavu
fc-cache --force
重启服务

如果是无法在线安装可以离线安装 fontconfig ：

1.下载 fontconfig离线包：fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64.rpm

2.服务器执行命令

rpm -ivh fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

执行完会在 /usr/share 下多出 fontconfig 和 fonts 目录

3.安装ttf-dejavu

下载字体 ttf-dejavu：mingw-w64-x86_64-ttf-dejavu 上传字体文件到服务器目录:/usr/share/fonts，解压
`刷新字体：fc-cache --force , 刷新完成之后可以使用 fc-list 查看安装的字体

4.重启服务