类模版中无法初始化导致报错——C++学习

踩坑记录，类模版中无法初始化导致报错

原因

关键代码

这里使用了template，用泛型去表达传入参数类型。
主要问题在于 this->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity]; 这一句

template<class T>
class MyArray {
public:
    //初始化容量 有参构造
    //explicit标记是构造函数不会做隐式转化
    explicit MyArray(int m_capacity) {
        std::cout << "构造函数执行" << endl;
        this->m_Size = 0;
        this->m_Capacity = m_capacity;
        //主要问题在这
        this->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity];
    }

private:
    T *pAddress; //指针指向堆区开辟的地址
    int m_Capacity; //数组容量
    int m_Size;
};

测试代码

MyArray<int> arra1(5); 测试使用int基本类型没有问题

使用泛型为类（非基本类型时报错）

//测试自定义数据类型
class Person {
public:
    // Person() = default;

    Person(const string name, int age)
        : name(name),
          age(age) {
    }

    string name;
    int age;
};


int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    // MyArray<int> arra1(5);
    // for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
    //     //尾插法，插入数据
    //     arra1.Push_Back(i);
    // }
    // print(arra1);
    // cout << "容量:" << arra1.m_capacity() << endl;

    MyArray<Person> arra1(10);
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        //尾插法，插入数据
        string name = "张三";
        Person p1(name.append(std::to_string(i)), 10 * i);
        arra1.Push_Back(p1);
    }
    print(arra1);
    cout << "容量:" << arra1.m_capacity() << endl;
    cout << "大小:" << arra1.m_size() << endl;
}

错误

从前面可以看到是MyArray构造函数调用出错，说明是Person p1(name.append(std::to_string(i)), 10 * i);调用这一行出现问题。

继续看下面报错，错误指向Person构造函数参数不够！

查看代码，果然没写无参构造函数，当加上Person() = default;就不会出现问题。

In file included from /Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/main.cpp:3:
/Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/MyArray.hpp:20:30: error: no matching constructor for initialization of 'Person[]'
        this->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity];
                             ^
/Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/main.cpp:42:21: note: in instantiation of member function 'MyArray<Person>::MyArray' requested here
    MyArray<Person> arra1(10);
                    ^
/Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/main.cpp:7:7: note: candidate constructor (the implicit copy constructor) not viable: requires 1 argument, but 0 were provided
class Person {
      ^
/Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/main.cpp:7:7: note: candidate constructor (the implicit move constructor) not viable: requires 1 argument, but 0 were provided
/Users/mac/CLionProjects/stl/main.cpp:11:5: note: candidate constructor not viable: requires 2 arguments, but 0 were provided
    Person(const string name, int age)
    ^
1 error generated.

结论

说明在初始化Tthis->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity];的时候是会调用对应类的构造函数的。

添加上构造函数解决问题！

疑问：为什么在c++中初始化数组的时候会调用构造函数？明明初始化是一个空数组！（希望有大佬可以评论区回答一下，我还没找到答案）

附页

C++中若类中没有默认构造函数，如何使用对象数组