spring的启动过程02.2-tx命名空间解读

概述：

该篇文章讲解spring通过TX命名空间对事务进行委托管理。

原理：

1. spring如何实现事务管理功能：

看下tx命名空间的定义：

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx=org.springframework.transaction.config.TxNamespaceHandler

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-4.2.xsd

看下TxNamespaceHandler类：

public class TxNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {
	static final String TRANSACTION_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE = "transaction-manager";
	static final String DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_BEAN_NAME = "transactionManager";
	static String getTransactionManagerName(Element element) {
		return (element.hasAttribute(TRANSACTION_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE) ?
				element.getAttribute(TRANSACTION_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE) : DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_BEAN_NAME);
	}
	@Override
	public void init() {
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("advice", new TxAdviceBeanDefinitionParser());
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation-driven", new AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser());
		registerBeanDefinitionParser("jta-transaction-manager", new JtaTransactionManagerBeanDefinitionParser());
	}
}

里面有两个很重要的属性“advice”、“annotation-driven”，两个属性支持了两种不同的事务管理方式。

首先看下“annotation-driven”方式：该种方式支持通过注解方式注入事务管理。

看下xml的配置：

	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" mode="proxy" />

service类中采用@Transactional即可完成事务的注入。

   @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.READ_COMMITTED, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)

看下“advice”方式：该种方式支持结合AOP命名空间进行事务注入。

看下xml的配置：

	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!-- 读操作 -->
			<tx:method name="select*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="search*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="query*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="find*"   propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="load*"   propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="get*"    propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="list*"   propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="count*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" read-only="true" />
            <!-- 其它操作 -->
            <tx:method name="*"       propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED" rollback-for="Exception" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>

	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.company.*.service.impl.*.*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut" />
	</aop:config>

也可以采用自定义注解方式进行事务注入，只需把表达式变为：expression="com.company.tx.pointcut.TxPointcuts.txMarkPointcut()"。

package com.company.tx.pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
public class TxPointcuts {
    public TxPointcuts() {
    }
    @Pointcut("@within(com.company.tx.annotation.TransactionalMark)")
    public void txMarkPointcut() {
    }
}

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface TransactionalMark {
    String value() default "";
}

2.分析采用注解方式的源码：

通过 TxNamespaceHandler类可以发现"annotation-driven"标签的解析类为AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser

看下该类的parse方法：

	/**
	 * Parses the {@code <tx:annotation-driven/>} tag. Will
	 * {@link AopNamespaceUtils#registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary register an AutoProxyCreator}
	 * with the container as necessary.
	 */
	@Override
	public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
		registerTransactionalEventListenerFactory(parserContext);
		String mode = element.getAttribute("mode");
		if ("aspectj".equals(mode)) {
			// mode="aspectj"
			registerTransactionAspect(element, parserContext);
		}
		else {
			// mode="proxy"
			AopAutoProxyConfigurer.configureAutoProxyCreator(element, parserContext);
		}
		return null;
	}

解析方式依赖于mode，有两种模式一种"aspectj"另一种”proxy“。

首先看下”proxy“处理方式：

	/**
	 * Inner class to just introduce an AOP framework dependency when actually in proxy mode.
	 */
	private static class AopAutoProxyConfigurer {

		public static void configureAutoProxyCreator(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
			AopNamespaceUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element);

			String txAdvisorBeanName = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME;
			if (!parserContext.getRegistry().containsBeanDefinition(txAdvisorBeanName)) {
				Object eleSource = parserContext.extractSource(element);

				// Create the TransactionAttributeSource definition.
				RootBeanDefinition sourceDef = new RootBeanDefinition(
						"org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource");
				sourceDef.setSource(eleSource);
				sourceDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
				String sourceName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(sourceDef);

				// Create the TransactionInterceptor definition.
				RootBeanDefinition interceptorDef = new RootBeanDefinition(TransactionInterceptor.class);
				interceptorDef.setSource(eleSource);
				interceptorDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
				registerTransactionManager(element, interceptorDef);
				interceptorDef.getPropertyValues().add("transactionAttributeSource", new RuntimeBeanReference(sourceName));
				String interceptorName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(interceptorDef);

				// Create the TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor definition.
				RootBeanDefinition advisorDef = new RootBeanDefinition(BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor.class);
				advisorDef.setSource(eleSource);
				advisorDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
				advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("transactionAttributeSource", new RuntimeBeanReference(sourceName));
				advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("adviceBeanName", interceptorName);
				if (element.hasAttribute("order")) {
					advisorDef.getPropertyValues().add("order", element.getAttribute("order"));
				}
				parserContext.getRegistry().registerBeanDefinition(txAdvisorBeanName, advisorDef);

				CompositeComponentDefinition compositeDef = new CompositeComponentDefinition(element.getTagName(), eleSource);
				compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(sourceDef, sourceName));
				compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(interceptorDef, interceptorName));
				compositeDef.addNestedComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(advisorDef, txAdvisorBeanName));
				parserContext.registerComponent(compositeDef);
			}
		}
	}

内部类实现了创建一个advisor进行事务拦截处理，该advisor为BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor，该类什么时候起作用呢？

AopNamespaceUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(parserContext, element);

	public static BeanDefinition registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
		return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
	}

向spring容器注册InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator对象，该对象和AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator作用基本相同请查看 《spring的启动过程02.1-aop命名空间解读》、 《spring的启动过程04.2-AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator处理器》。

看下”aspectj“处理方式：

	private void registerTransactionAspect(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
		String txAspectBeanName = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_BEAN_NAME;
		String txAspectClassName = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CLASS_NAME;
		if (!parserContext.getRegistry().containsBeanDefinition(txAspectBeanName)) {
			RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
			def.setBeanClassName(txAspectClassName);
			def.setFactoryMethodName("aspectOf");
			registerTransactionManager(element, def);
			parserContext.registerBeanComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(def, txAspectBeanName));
		}
	}

该种方式通过aspectj注解方式实现动态代理，AbstractTransactionAspect切面。

以上两种方式都是依赖AOP方式对bean进行动态代理，一种是实现Advisor接口、一种是依赖AspectJ采用@Aspect注解。

总结：

spring容器通过tx标签实现事务的动态注入，使用方式有两种：1.采用@Transactional方式、2.结合aop功能实现动态代理模式。

下面会单独讲解BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor，看看事务是如何动态注入的。