pytorch 卷积神经网络

# coding=utf-8
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.autograd import Variable
import torch
import torchvision
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import torch.optim as optim

# The output of torchvision datasets are PILImage images of range [0, 1].
# We transform them to Tensors of normalized range [-1, 1]
transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(),
                                transforms.Normalize((0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5)),
                                ])

# 训练集，将相对目录./data下的cifar-10-batches-py文件夹中的全部数据（50000张图片作为训练数据）加载到内存中，若download为True时，会自动从网上下载数据并解压
trainset = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10(root='./data', train=True, download=False, transform=transform)

# 将训练集的50000张图片划分成12500份，每份4张图，用于mini-batch输入。shffule=True在表示不同批次的数据遍历时，打乱顺序。num_workers=2表示使用两个子进程来加载数据
trainloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(trainset, batch_size=4,
                                          shuffle=True, num_workers=2)

# 测试集，将相对目录./data下的cifar-10-batches-py文件夹中的全部数据（10000张图片作为测试数据）加载到内存中，若download为True时，会自动从网上下载数据并解压
testset = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10(root='./data', train=False, download=False, transform=transform)

# 将测试集的10000张图片划分成2500份，每份4张图，用于mini-batch输入。
testloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(testset, batch_size=4,
                                         shuffle=False, num_workers=2)
classes = ('plane', 'car', 'bird', 'cat',
           'deer', 'dog', 'frog', 'horse', 'ship', 'truck')


class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 6, 5)  # 定义conv1函数的是图像卷积函数：输入为图像（3个频道，即彩色图）,输出为6张特征图, 卷积核为5x5正方形
        self.pool = nn.MaxPool2d(2, 2)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(6, 16, 5)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(16 * 5 * 5, 120)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(120, 84)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(84, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv1(x)))
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv2(x)))
        x = x.view(-1, 16 * 5 * 5)
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = F.relu(self.fc2(x))
        x = self.fc3(x)
        return x


net = Net()

criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()  # 叉熵损失函数
optimizer = optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=0.001, momentum=0.9)  # 使用SGD（随机梯度下降）优化，学习率为0.001，动量为0.9

for epoch in range(4):  # 遍历数据集两次

    running_loss = 0.0
    # enumerate(sequence, [start=0])，i序号，data是数据
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        for i, data in enumerate(trainloader, 0):
        # get the inputs
            inputs, labels = data  # data的结构是：[4x3x32x32的张量,长度4的张量] sample,channel,weigh,high
        # wrap them in Variable
            inputs, labels = Variable(inputs), Variable(labels)  # 把input数据从tensor转为variable
        # zero the parameter gradients
            optimizer.zero_grad()  # 将参数的grad值初始化为0

        # forward + backward + optimize
            outputs = net(inputs)
            loss = criterion(outputs, labels)  # 将output和labels使用叉熵计算损失
            loss.backward()  # 反向传播
            optimizer.step()  # 用SGD更新参数

        # 每2000批数据打印一次平均loss值
            running_loss += loss.item()  # loss本身为Variable类型，所以要使用data获取其Tensor，因为其为标量，所以取0
            if i % 2000 == 1999:  # 每2000批打印一次
                print('[%d, %5d] loss: %.3f' % (epoch + 1, i + 1, running_loss / 2000))
                running_loss = 0.0

print('Finished Training')
correct=0
total=0
if __name__ == '__main__':
    for data in testloader:
        images,labels=data
        outputs=net(Variable(images))
    #print outputs.data
        _,predicted=torch.max(outputs.data,1)
        total+=labels.size(0)
        correct+=(predicted==labels).sum()
    print('Accuracy of the network on the 10000 test images: %d %%' % (100 * correct / total))