**
前言:首先你得需要具备一定的java基础知识,maven等相应的基础知识,IntelliJ
IDEA开发工具的一些知识,在掌握以上几个知识之后,再来跟着学习就会轻松一些。如果要放弃,请早点做好准备,这个并不是哪个人都能做好一个It开发人员,没有艰辛的付出,是不可能达到的,即使付出了,也不一定成功,还是趁早放弃。如果坚持,请接受寂寞的努力学习吧!不抛弃,不放弃,加油!!!
**
本文版权归作者所有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接出处:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_3076499,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。 如果文中有什么错误,欢迎指出。以免更多的人被误导。 如果对您有帮助 ,请多多支持.多少都是您的心意与支持,一分也是爱,再次感谢!!! 支付宝赞赏:
记得点击下面的余额宝,红包可能要大些。
开发环境:这个根据个人的喜欢,没有强制的。喜欢用什么版本就用什么版本。 Window 7 64; IntelliJ IDEA;Apache-Maven-3.3.9;Spring ;Mybatis;Springmvc;数据库:mysql
前端技术框架:bootscrap
完整代码之后会上传:会提供链接供大家参考学习
整体的一个项目结构如下图:
搭建ssm工程,也许刚开始你是非常模糊的,但如果你搭建10次,20次,50次以上,那么真的其实也都大同小异,也就那点知识。
搭建的步骤:
1:首先pom.xml 加载jar包具体如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>ssm-crud2</name>
<groupId>com.demo</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm-crud2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!-- 设置项目编码编码 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.3.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- java ee -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.41</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring整合shiro,这个是与shiro的整合,暂时在这里不起作用,但加上以后会用上-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2: 配置:spring-mybatis.xml的整合配置代码如下:注:这个文件整合了jdbc mybatis service一起整合了,不管怎么变,反正ssm也就这几个整合。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--扫描service-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.service"/>
<!--加载配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--C3PO数据源配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--加载mybatis工厂-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" id="sqlSessionFactory">
<!--注入数据库连接池-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--扫描bean包 使用别名-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.demo.bean"/>
<!--扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到Spring容器中-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="com.demo.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--配置事务管理器transactionManager-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--这里使用了注解的事务配置-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
3: 配置:spring-mvc.xml的整合配置代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!--扫描controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/>
<!--开启注解-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--解决静态资源请求-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4:jdbc.properties的代码如下:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
5:log4j.properties的代码如下:
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
6:web.xml的配置代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<!--加载spring相应的配置文件-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置编码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置springmvc的配置-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
至此:很快的ssm工程就搭建好了。接下开始写代码了:
开发思路:首先设计数据库,这里简单的设计
一:使用的是mysql:数据库代码如下:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
二:根据数据库,创建相应的bean实体类。实体类不同的人,喜欢叫法不一样,有的叫pojo,有的叫domain。反正都一样,就是实体类而已。代码如下:
package com.demo.bean;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String age;
private String sex;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
三:创建dao接口类,这个类是用于与mysql数据库的交互的接口。具体代码如下:
简单的几个增删改查接口:
package com.demo.dao;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserDao {
User findUserById(Integer id);
List<User> findAll();
boolean deleteUser(Integer id);
Integer updateUser(User user);
void saveUser(User user);
}
四:dao接口写好之后,接下来是userDao.xml的语句,对数据库进行操作。具体代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.demo.dao.UserDao">
<select id="findUserById" resultType="com.demo.bean.User" parameterType="Integer">
select id,name,sex,age from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.demo.bean.User">
select id,name,sex,age from user
</select>
<!--新增-->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.demo.bean.User">
insert into user(id,name,sex,age) values(#{id},#{name},#{sex},#{age})
</insert>
<!--删除-->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
<!--修改-->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.demo.bean.User">
update user set name=#{name},sex=#{sex},age=#{age} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
五:service接口代码如下:
package com.demo.service;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
User findUserById(Integer id);
List<User> findAll();
boolean deleteUser(Integer id);
Integer updateUser(User user);
void saveUser(User user);
}
六:service接口的业务实现,那么我们在开发中,其实主要就是编写这个serviceImpl业务逻辑的具体实现与controller表现层,具体代码如下:
package com.demo.service.Impl;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import com.demo.dao.UserDao;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserUserviceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
//根据Ids查询
public User findUserById(Integer id) {
return userDao.findUserById(id);
}
//查询所有
public List<User> findAll() {
return userDao.findAll();
}
//根据id查询
public boolean deleteUser(Integer id) {
return userDao.deleteUser(id);
}
//修改用户
public Integer updateUser(User user) {
return userDao.updateUser(user);
}
//添加用户
public void saveUser(User user) {
userDao.saveUser(user);
}
}
七:controller表现层的代码如下:
package com.demo.controller;
import com.demo.bean.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
/**
* 跳转到添加用户界面
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("toAddUser")
public String toAddUser(){
return "addUser";
}
/**
* 添加用户并重定向
* @param model
* @param user
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("addUser")
public String addUser(Model model, User user){
if (user != null){
userService.saveUser(user);
}
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}
/**
* 查询全部用户
* @param model
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("getAllUser")
public String getAllUser(Model model){
List<User> user = userService.findAll();
model.addAttribute("userList",user);
return "allUser";
}
/**
* 删除用户
* @param model
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("delUser")
public String removeUser(Model model,Integer id){
model.addAttribute("user",userService.deleteUser(id));
//userService.deleteUser(id);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}
/**
* 跳转到更新用户页面
*/
@RequestMapping("toUpdate")
public String toUpdate(@RequestParam(value = "id")Integer id, Model model){
model.addAttribute("user",userService.findUserById(id));
return "updateUser";
}
/**
* 更新用户
* @param
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "updateUser",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String updateUser(User user){
userService.updateUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}
}
八:UserDaoTest.java测试,用来测试数据:具体代码如下:
import com.demo.bean.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class UserDaoTest {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test //查询所有测试
public void testFindAllUser(){
List<User> user = userService.findAll();
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test //查询测试
public void testFindUser(){
User user = userService.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test //新增测试
public void testAddUser(){
for (int i = 2; i <=20 ; i++) {
User user= new User();
user.setId(i);
user.setAge("18");
user.setName("李四"+i);
user.setSex("男");
userService.saveUser(user);
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
测试结果,这里就给一个查询的结果如下:
ok,这里的测试是没有问题的,其他测试可以自行测试,都是ok的,这里就不粘贴了。到此,代码就差不多写完了。
接下来是bootscrap的前端技术了。
一:allUser.jsp代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%
pageContext.setAttribute("path",request.getContextPath());
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>所有用户查询</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<h1>用户管理</h1>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-8">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="/user/toAddUser">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>name</th>
<th>sex</th>
<th>age</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="user">
<tr>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.name}</td>
<td>${user.sex}</td>
<td>${user.age}</td>
<td>
<a type="button" href="${path}/user/toUpdate?id=${user.id}" class="btn btn-info btn-sm">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></span>
编辑</a>
<a type="button" href="${path}/user/delUser?id=${user.id}" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash" aria-hidden="true" ></span>
删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
二:addUser.jsp代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户添加</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style>
.container{
width: 400px;
}
</style>
</head>
<script>
function addUser(){
var form = document.forms[0];
form.action = "addUser";
form.method = "post";
form.submit();
}
</script>
allUser.jsp
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row" >
<div class="col-md-12">
<form class="form-horizontal">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputId" class="col-sm-2 control-label">ID</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" name="id" class="form-control" id="inputId" placeholder="id">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputName" class="col-sm-2 control-label">name</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" id="inputName" placeholder="id">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputSex" class="col-sm-2 control-label">sex</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" name="sex" class="form-control" id="inputSex" placeholder="id">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age" class="col-sm-2 control-label">age</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input type="text" name="age" class="form-control" id="age" placeholder="id">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<button onclick="addUser()" type="submit" class="btn btn-success">添加</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
三:updateUser.jsp代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<html>
<script>
alert(${user.id});
function updateUser(){
var form = document.forms[0];
form.action = "<%=basePath%>user/updateUser";
form.method = "post";
form.submit();
}
</script>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>修改用户信息</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/getAllUser" method="post" name="userForm">
<input value="${user.id}" name="id" type="hidden"/>
name:<input type="text" name="name" value="${user.name}"><br>
sex:<input type="text" name="sex" value="${user.sex}"><br>
age:<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age}"><br>
<input type="submit" value="确认修改" onclick="updateUser()"> </input>
</form>
</body>
</html>
ok,全部代码写好了,在本地配置完tomcat后,运行项目即可。
访问地址:我这里的地址是:http://localhost:8080/user/getAllUser
查询所有的链接:http://localhost:8080/user/getAllUser
查询所有的结果如下图:
修改编辑链接:http://localhost:8080/user/toUpdate?id=1
新增链接:http://localhost:8080/user/toAddUser
Ok,整个流程至此结束!加油!也许看起来容易,但你自己操作还不一定能操作对。如果基础不牢固。这个对于新手来说,是一个不错的练习学习项目。
好了,小编我在这里了,也码了很久的代码与文字。如果对你有帮助,记得留言点赞,!我会接下来继续分享提供大家学习参考………..come on