python中装饰器

写再前面的话

装饰器就是用于拓展函数功能的一种函数
函数+实参高阶函数+返回值高阶函数+嵌套函数+语法糖=装饰器、

无参装饰器

import time
def deco(func):
    def wrapper():
        startTime = time.time()
        func()
        endTime = time.time()
        msecs = (endTime - startTime) * 1000
        print('time is %d ms' % msecs)`在这里插入代码片`
    return wrapper
@deco
def func():
    print('hello')
    time.sleep(1)
    print('world')

带参的装饰器

def deco_p(func):
    def wrapper(a, b):
        startTime = time.time()
        func(a, b)
        endTime = time.time()
        msecs = (endTime - startTime) * 1000
        print("time is %d ms" % msecs)
    return wrapper
    
@deco_p
def func_p(a, b):
    print("add:")
    time.sleep(1)
    print('result is %d' % (a + b))

带有不定参数的装饰器

def deco_pa(func_pa):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        startTime = time.time()
        func_pa(*args, **kwargs)
        endTime = time.time()
        msecs = (endTime - startTime) * 1000
        print('time is %d' % msecs)
    return wrapper

@deco_pa
def func_pa(a, b, c):
    print('add multi para:')
    time.sleep(2)
    print('result is %d' % (a + b + c))

多个装饰器的实现

def deco1(func_multi):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print('this is the first deco:')
        startTime = time.time()
        func_multi(*args, **kwargs)
        endTime = time.time()
        msecs = (endTime - startTime) * 1000
        print('the exec time is %d ms' % msecs)

    return wrapper


def deco2(func_multi):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print('this is the second deco:')
        func_multi(*args, **kwargs)
        print('second deco is here')

    return wrapper


@deco1
@deco2
def func_multi(a, b, c, d):
    print('multi:')
    time.sleep(1)
    print('result for multi: %d' % (a * b * c * d))

主函数调用实例

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # func()
    # f = func
    # f()
    # func_p(3, 4)
    # func_pa(3, 3, 3)
    func_multi(1, 2, 3,4)