Mybatis

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-24 13:29:38 发布

jlu_wll

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-24 13:29:38 发布

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分类专栏： Mybatis 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31289993/article/details/110082599

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核心概念

举例

2.什么时候解析 mybatis-config.xml 呢？

3.什么时候解析 xxxMapper.xml 呢？

4.什么时候生成代理类呢？

1.mybatis通过接口即可以实现对数据库的访问，是不是很神奇？

提出几个问题：

1.mybatis通过接口即可以实现对数据库的访问，是不是很神奇？

2.什么时候解析 mybatis-config.xml 呢？

3.什么时候解析 xxxmapper.xml 呢？

4.什么时候生成代理类呢？

5.生成代理类的具体方法？

核心概念

SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(构造器)： 它可以从XML、注解或者手动配置Java代码来创建SqlSessionFactory。

SqlSessionFactory: 用于创建SqlSession (会话) 的工厂

SqlSession: SqlSession是Mybatis最核心的类，可以用于执行语句、提交或回滚事务以及获取映射器Mapper的接口

SQL Mapper： 它是由一个Java接口和XML文件（或注解）构成的，需要给出对应的SQL和映射规则，它负责发送SQL去执行，并返回结果

举例

//sql语句
CREATE TABLE  user(
  id int,
  name VARCHAR(255) not NULL ,
  age int ,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
)ENGINE =INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

//java实体类
@Data
public class User {
    private int id;
    private int age;
    private String name;
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" + "id=" + id +", age=" + age +", name='" + name + '\'' +'}';
    }
}

//配置mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--全局配置文件的根元素-->
<configuration>
    <!--enviroments表示环境配置，可以配置成开发环境(development)、测试环境(test)、生产环境(production)等-->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <!--transactionManager： 事务管理器，属性type只有两个取值：JDBC和MANAGED-->
            <transactionManager type="MANAGED" />
            <!--dataSource: 数据源配置-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
                <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="root" />
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--mappers文件路径配置-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

//mapper接口
public interface UserMapper {
    User selectById(int id);
}

//xml文件

<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace属性表示命令空间，不同xml映射文件namespace必须不同-->
<mapper namespace="com.pjmike.mybatis.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectById" parameterType="int"
            resultType="com.pjmike.mybatis.User">
             SELECT id,name,age FROM user where id= #{id}
       </select>
</mapper>

//测试类

public class MybatisTest {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
                    .build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) {
            UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            User user = userMapper.selectById(1);
            System.out.println("User : " + user);
        }
    }
}
// 结果：
User : User{id=1, age=21, name='pjmike'}

解答第一步的问题：

2.什么时候解析 mybatis-config.xml 呢？

回忆一下示例代码

private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
                    .build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
使用 new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build方法创建sqlSessionFactory工厂
//inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml")
public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream) {
  return build(inputStream, null, null);
}

public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {
  try {
    XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);
    return build(parser.parse());
  } catch (Exception e) {
    throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
  } finally {
    ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    try {
      inputStream.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
  }
}

这里是真正解析 mybatis-config.xml的位置

//对于mybatis的全局配置文件的解析，相关解析代码位于XMLConfigBuilder的parse()方法中


public Configuration parse() {
  if (parsed) {
    throw new BuilderException("Each XMLConfigBuilder can only be used once.");
  }
  parsed = true;
  parseConfiguration(parser.evalNode("/configuration")); //configuration是mybatis-config.xml的根节点
  return configuration; 
}
//解析mybatis-config.xml类
private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) {
  try {
    propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties"));
    Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings"));
    loadCustomVfs(settings);
    loadCustomLogImpl(settings);
    typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases"));
    pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));
    objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory"));
    objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory"));
    reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory"));
    settingsElement(settings);
    environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments"));
    databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider"));
    typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers"));
    //该方法是对全局配置文件中mappers属性的解析  
    //mybatis-config.xml-> <mappers> <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/> </mappers>
    mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));
  } catch (Exception e) {
    throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e);
  }
}

3.什么时候解析 xxxMapper.xml 呢？


/**
 * <mappers>
 *   <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
 * </mappers>
*/

private void mapperElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
  if (parent != null) {
    for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
      if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
        String mapperPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
        configuration.addMappers(mapperPackage);
      } else {
        //mybatis-config.xml-> <mappers> <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/> </mappers>
        String resource = child.getStringAttribute("resource");
        String url = child.getStringAttribute("url");
        String mapperClass = child.getStringAttribute("class");
        if (resource != null && url == null && mapperClass == null) {
          ErrorContext.instance().resource(resource);
          InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);   //这里是mapper/UserMapper.xml的resource
          XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, resource, configuration.getSqlFragments());
          //方法就是XMLMapperBuilder对Mapper映射器文件进行解析，可与XMLConfigBuilder进行类比
          mapperParser.parse();
        } else if (resource == null && url != null && mapperClass == null) {
          ErrorContext.instance().resource(url);
          InputStream inputStream = Resources.getUrlAsStream(url);
          XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, url, configuration.getSqlFragments());
          mapperParser.parse();
        } else if (resource == null && url == null && mapperClass != null) {
          Class<?> mapperInterface = Resources.classForName(mapperClass);
          configuration.addMapper(mapperInterface);
        } else {
          throw new BuilderException("A mapper element may only specify a url, resource or class, but not more than one.");
        }
      }
    }
  }

解析xxxmapper.xml: mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));

//XMLMapperBuilder.parse() 方法就是XMLMapperBuilder对Mapper映射器文件进行解析，可与XMLConfigBuilder进行类比



/**
*<mapper namespace="com.pjmike.mybatis.UserMapper">
*    <select id="selectById" parameterType="int"
*            resultType="com.pjmike.mybatis.User">
*            SELECT id,name,age FROM user where id= #{id}
*    </select>
*</mapper>
*/


public void parse() {
  if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) {
    configurationElement(parser.evalNode("/mapper")); //解析映射文件的根节点mapper元素
    configuration.addLoadedResource(resource);
    bindMapperForNamespace(); //重点方法，这个方法内部会根据namespace属性值，生成动态代理类
  }
  parsePendingResultMaps();
  parsePendingCacheRefs();
  parsePendingStatements();
}

/**
 * context 里是xml的所有内容
 * 该方法主要用于将mapper文件中的元素信息，比如insert、select这等信息解析到MappedStatement对象，并保存到Configuration类中的     
 * mappedStatements属性中，以便于后续动态代理类执行CRUD操作时能够获取真正的Sql语句信息
*/
private void configurationElement(XNode context) {
  try {
    String namespace = context.getStringAttribute("namespace");
    if (namespace == null || namespace.isEmpty()) {
      throw new BuilderException("Mapper's namespace cannot be empty");
    }
    builderAssistant.setCurrentNamespace(namespace);
    cacheRefElement(context.evalNode("cache-ref"));
    cacheElement(context.evalNode("cache"));
    parameterMapElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/parameterMap"));
    resultMapElements(context.evalNodes("/mapper/resultMap"));
    sqlElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/sql"));
    //用于解析insert、select这类元素信息，并将其封装成MappedStatement对象
    buildStatementFromContext(context.evalNodes("select|insert|update|delete"));
  } catch (Exception e) {
    throw new BuilderException("Error parsing Mapper XML. The XML location is '" + resource + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
  }
}

4.什么时候生成代理类呢？

动态代理类的生成

* 该方法是核心方法，它会根据mapper文件中的namespace属性值，为接口生成动态代理类

* 将代理类放入mapper里

private void bindMapperForNamespace() {
    //获取mapper元素的namespace属性值
    String namespace = builderAssistant.getCurrentNamespace();
    if (namespace != null) {
      Class<?> boundType = null;
      try {
        // 获取namespace属性值对应的Class对象，即dao接口class
        boundType = Resources.classForName(namespace);
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        //如果没有这个类，则直接忽略，这是因为namespace属性值只需要唯一即可，并不一定对应一个XXXMapper接口
        //没有XXXMapper接口的时候，我们可以直接使用SqlSession来进行增删改查
      }
      if (boundType != null) {
        if (!configuration.hasMapper(boundType)) {
          configuration.addLoadedResource("namespace:" + namespace);
          //如果namespace属性值有对应的Java类，调用Configuration的addMapper方法，将其添加到MapperRegistry中
          configuration.addMapper(boundType);
        }
      }
    }
  }

这里提到了Configuration的addMapper方法，实际上Configuration类里面通过MapperRegistry对象维护了所有要生成动态代理类的XxxMapper接口信息，可见Configuration类确实是相当重要一类

public class Configuration {
    ...
    protected MapperRegistry mapperRegistry = new MapperRegistry(this);
    ...
    public <T> void addMapper(Class<T> type) {
      mapperRegistry.addMapper(type);
    }
    public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
      return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession);
    }
    ...
}

其中两个重要的方法：getMapper()和addMapper()

getMapper(): 用于创建接口的动态类

addMapper(): mybatis在解析配置文件时，会将需要生成动态代理类的接口注册到其中

1. Configuration#addMappper()

Configuration将addMapper方法委托给MapperRegistry的addMapper进行的，源码如下

public <T> void addMapper(Class<T> type) {
    // 这个class必须是一个接口，因为是使用JDK动态代理，所以需要是接口，否则不会针对其生成动态代理
    if (type.isInterface()) {
      if (hasMapper(type)) {
        throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is already known to the MapperRegistry.");
      }
      boolean loadCompleted = false;
      try {
        // 生成一个MapperProxyFactory，用于之后生成动态代理类
        knownMappers.put(type, new MapperProxyFactory<>(type));
        //以下代码片段用于解析我们定义的XxxMapper接口里面使用的注解，这主要是处理不使用xml映射文件的情况
        MapperAnnotationBuilder parser = new MapperAnnotationBuilder(config, type);
        parser.parse();
        loadCompleted = true;
      } finally {
        if (!loadCompleted) {
          knownMappers.remove(type);
        }
      }
    }
  }

MapperRegistry内部维护一个映射关系，每个接口对应一个MapperProxyFactory（生成动态代理工厂类）

private final Map<Class<?>, MapperProxyFactory<?>> knownMappers = new HashMap<>();

这样便于在后面调用MapperRegistry的getMapper()时，直接从Map中获取某个接口对应的动态代理工厂类，然后再利用工厂类针对其接口生成真正的动态代理类。

2. Configuration#getMapper()

Configuration的getMapper()方法内部就是调用MapperRegistry的getMapper()方法，源代码如下：


  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    //根据Class对象获取创建动态代理的工厂对象MapperProxyFactory
    final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
    if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
      throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
    }
    try {
      //这里可以看到每次调用都会创建一个新的代理对象返回
      return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }

5.生成代理类的具体方法 ？- - MapperProxyFactory.newInstance

从上面可以看出，创建动态代理类的核心代码就是在MapperProxyFactory.newInstance方法中，源码如下：


  public T newInstance(SqlSession sqlSession) {
    final MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy = new MapperProxy<>(sqlSession, mapperInterface, methodCache);
    return newInstance(mapperProxy);
  } 
  protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) {
    //这里使用JDK动态代理，通过Proxy.newProxyInstance生成动态代理类
    // newProxyInstance的参数：类加载器、接口类、InvocationHandler接口实现类
    // 动态代理可以将所有接口的调用重定向到调用处理器InvocationHandler，调用它的invoke方法
    return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
  }

这里的InvocationHandler接口的实现类是MapperProxy，其源码如下

public class MapperProxy<T> implements InvocationHandler, Serializable {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = -6424540398559729838L;
  private final SqlSession sqlSession;
  private final Class<T> mapperInterface;
  private final Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache;

  public MapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession, Class<T> mapperInterface, Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache) {
    this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
    this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
    this.methodCache = methodCache;
  }
  @Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
      //如果调用的是Object类中定义的方法，直接通过反射调用即可
      if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
        return method.invoke(this, args);
      } else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) {
        return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args);
      }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
    }
    //调用XxxMapper接口自定义的方法，进行代理
    //首先将当前被调用的方法Method构造成一个MapperMethod对象，然后掉用其execute方法真正的开始执行。
    final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
    return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
  }
  private MapperMethod cachedMapperMethod(Method method) {
    return methodCache.computeIfAbsent(method, k -> new MapperMethod(mapperInterface, method, sqlSession.getConfiguration()));
  }
  ...
}

最终的执行逻辑在于MapperMethod类的execute方法，源码如下


public class MapperMethod {
  private final SqlCommand command;
  private final MethodSignature method;

  public MapperMethod(Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) {
    this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
    this.method = new MethodSignature(config, mapperInterface, method);
  }

  public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    switch (command.getType()) {
      //insert语句的处理逻辑
      case INSERT: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      //update语句的处理逻辑
      case UPDATE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      //delete语句的处理逻辑
      case DELETE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      //select语句的处理逻辑
      case SELECT:
        if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          //调用sqlSession的selectOne方法
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
          if (method.returnsOptional()
              && (result == null || !method.getReturnType().equals(result.getClass()))) {
            result = Optional.ofNullable(result);
          }
        }
        break;
      case FLUSH:
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
        break;
      default:
        throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName()
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }
  ...
}

在MapperMethod中还有两个内部类，SqlCommand和MethodSignature类，在execute方法中首先用switch case语句根据SqlCommand的getType()方法，判断要执行的sql类型，比如INSET、UPDATE、DELETE、SELECT和FLUSH，然后分别调用SqlSession的增删改查等方法

1.mybatis通过接口即可以实现对数据库的访问，是不是很神奇？

调用接口，其实是访问mybatis生成的代理类，具体调用getMapper方法的地方：



UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

public class DefaultSqlSession implements SqlSession {
  private final Configuration configuration;
  private final Executor executor;
  @Override
  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type) {
    return configuration.getMapper(type, this);
  }
  ...
}

所以getMapper方法的大致调用逻辑链是：

SqlSession#getMapper() —> Configuration#getMapper() —> MapperRegistry#getMapper() —> MapperProxyFactory#newInstance() —> Proxy#newProxyInstance()

我们通过SqlSession的getMapper方法获得接口代理来进行CRUD操作，其底层还是依靠的是SqlSession的使用方法。

原理图：

参考资料：

https://juejin.im/post/6844903841163378701

jlu_wll

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Mybatis

目录核心概念举例2.什么时候解析mybatis-config.xml呢？3.什么时候解析xxxMapper.xml 呢？4.什么时候生成代理类呢？1.mybatis通过接口即可以实现对数据库的访问，是不是很神奇？提出几个问题：1.mybatis通过接口即可以实现对数据库的访问，是不是很神奇？2.什么时候解析mybatis-config.xml呢？3.什么时候解析xxxmapper.xml 呢？4.什么时候生成代理类呢？5.生成代理类的具体方法...
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