让终端支持播放mp3，移植mp3解码库libmad和madplay到嵌入式linux

libmad简介

官网：https://www.underbit.com/products/mad/

MAD （libmad）是一个开源的高精度 MPEG 音频解码库，支持 MPEG-1（Layer I, Layer II 和 LayerIII（也就是 MP3）。LIBMAD 提供 24
-bit 的 PCM 输出，完全是定点计算，非常适合没有浮点支持的平台上使用。使用 libmad 提供的一系列 API，就可以非常简单地实现 MP3 数据解码工作。

移植涉及到的库：
zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
libid3tag-0.15.1b.tar.gz
libmad-0.15.1b.tar.gz
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
madplay介绍：
 madplay基于libmad的基础上做了一个播放器，该播放器除了目前不支持网络播放以为，其余功能都支持。如快进播放，seek播放，暂停，恢复等
最后移植了一个基于libmad的应用madplay,可以直接用它来播放mp3.
madplay-0.15.2b.tar.gz

 

介绍完了，当然移植不是一番风顺的，折腾了一天。中间遇到不少问题，还好，最后都一一解决了。

网上提供的代码。交叉编译，由于环境不一样，会出现各种问题。

这里记录一下过程。

首先是交叉编译zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

用交叉编译工具编译zlib，并且把库生成到交叉编译环境的库目录下
./configure --prefix=/home/ban/madplay/source   
修改Makefile.
CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
AR=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar rc
RANLIB=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
make 
make install
安装完成后，在/home/ban/madplay/source/ 中将生产lib跟include2个文件夹。

这步一般不会有啥问题，但是，默认成功的是静态库啊， 虽然配置上是说默认配置生成动态库，但是确实没有。

实际是有的，指定--shared即可。

或者仔细查makefile,把相关的编译语句找出来，我手动调用gcc - shared -fPIC - $(OBJS)生成了.so

这里还需要注意的是,指定好自己的--prifix,因为后续的编译，好多是要依赖这个的。

接下来编译libid3tag-0.15.1b.tar.gz

这时候要注意了，如果上一步编译不过，或者没有指定--prifix, 这里就麻烦了。

由于我需要的是动态库，发现configer后，竟没带-FPIC参数，还要去改makefile才行。

 

./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf  --disable-debugging --prefix=/home/ban/madplay/source CPPFLAGS=-I/home/ban/madplay/source/include LDFLAGS=-L/home/ban/madplay/source/lib
make 
make install

 

编译libmad
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf  --disable-debugging --prefix=/home/ban/madplay/source CPPFLAGS=-I/home/ban/madplay/source/include LDFLAGS=-L/home/ban/madplay/source/lib
make
make install 

 

出现错误：
cc1: error: unrecognized command line option “-fforce-mem”
原因是高版本的gcc，已经将-fforce-mem去除了，解决方法：
 sed -i '/-fforce-mem/d' configure

再执行：
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/usr/local/libmad_arm --enable-shared --enable-static --enable-fpm=arm --

with-gnu-ld=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld --build=arm
出现错误：
/tmp/ccf2FxyW.s:1299: Error: selected processor does not support Thumb mode `rsc r0,r0,#0'
/tmp/ccf2FxyW.s:1435: Error: selected processor does not support Thumb mode `rsc r8,r8,#0'
/tmp/ccf2FxyW.s:1857: Error: selected processor does not support Thumb mode `rsc r0,r0,#0'
/tmp/ccf2FxyW.s:1996: Error: selected processor does not support Thumb mode `rsc r0,r0,#0
百度一下发现这是libmad的一个bug.
解决方法是：
vim  fixed.h
将
#  define MAD_F_MLN(hi, lo)  \
    asm ("rsbs  %0, %2, #0\n\t"  \
         "rsc   %1, %3, #0"  \
         : "=r" (lo), "=r" (hi)  \
         : "0" (lo), "1" (hi)  \
         : "cc")
改为
#ifdef __thumb__
/* In Thumb-2, the RSB-immediate instruction is only allowed with a zero
operand. If needed this code can also support Thumb-1 
(simply append "s" to the end of the second two instructions). */
# define MAD_F_MLN(hi, lo) \
asm ("rsbs %0, %0, #0\n\t" \
"       sbc %1, %1, %1\n\t" \
        "sub %1, %1, %2" \
        : "+&r" (lo), "=&r" (hi) \
        : "r" (hi) \
        : "cc")
#else /* ! __thumb__ */
# define MAD_F_MLN(hi, lo) \
        asm ("rsbs %0, %2, #0\n\t" \
        "rsc %1, %3, #0" \
         : "=r" (lo), "=r" (hi) \
          : "=&r" (lo), "=r" (hi) \
          : "0" (lo), "1" (hi) \
          : "cc")
#endif /* __thumb__ */
再make，编译通过了！

编译madplay
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --disable-debugging --with-alsa CPPFLAGS=-I/home/ban/madplay/source/include LDFLAGS=-L/home/ban/madplay/source/lib
make 
make install
完成以后把生成的可执行文件madplay下载到开发板中
执行./madplay filename.mp3

这个需要注意的是，如果不指定--with-alsa，即便编译成功了，放到板子上也是跑不起的，提示找不到dev/dsp,这个让我折腾了好久，竟发现，配置上没启用alsa啊，

但板子上带的是alsa架构的linux音频驱动。

 

总体上操作是就这么几步，但是，你会发现，如果照这个步骤来，仍是有错。

具体细节。，根据编译提示的错误，基本都能定为到。比如，找不到上几步编译出的库，就去改makefile吧，添加进去路径

或者仍拷贝到 --prifix指定的目录中。

如果编译遇到以下错误：

只需更新alsa api,libmad里的api太旧了，新的alsa-lib不支持了

解决方案参考：https://gitlab.savoirfairelinux.com/netdsa/buildroot/commit/97b392b98468859ab2366995b6bee4140b38e388

最后再说一点儿，编译网上这种开源库，最好设置下交叉工具链的环境变量为全局的，且用root权限。否则，坑真的好多。

 

附截图：

如果不用这个现成的播放器madplay,只测试下libmad是否成功，

可以编译测试下 libmad提供的一个简单demo,这个demo 不是播放mp3的，而是把mp3解码成 pcm文件 。

测试如下：

./testmad.out <demo1.mp3 >out1.pcm     

显示出了信息，且在当前路径下产生了out1.pcm文件。

mad功能：

madpay功能很强求，可以实现多个节目循环播放，快进拖动播放，暂停，恢复，支持wav等格式输出等。
目前madplay还不支持网络播放.不过mp123支持网络播放。
madplay使用方法： 传入打印既可以使用短传入(-n )，也可以使用长传入（--abc)，二者等效，下面只讲短传入
-v  获取播放时间
-q  不存在任何打印,但现实警告
-Q  不存在任何打印
--downsample  只采用一半数据
-i  忽略CRC校验错误
-o PATH/xx.wav 可以用来转码，将mp3转为wav
  也可以是其他格式，见说明;.raw  表示是元素pcm，.hex等
-a 开启衰减音量 ，增加音量，衰减系统为-175~+18    （当然通过键盘+ —也可以调整音量）
-A 同-a
-1 -2 -m -S 分别指左声道，右声道，双声道，立体声
-s  用于seek播放 如：0:1:20:11 ，seek到1小时，2分钟，11秒时开始播放
-t  用于播放时间现在  0:1:20:11 ，播放到1小时，2分钟，11秒时就停止
-z  用于随机播放列表
-r, --repeat[=MAX]   循环播放无限次或Max次 
--tty-control            enable keyboard controls  默认是使能热键
--no-tty-control         disable keyboard controls
热键使用
下一首歌曲; f，或ctrl+n 或者>
上一首歌曲  b ,或ctrl+p 或者<
退出:q, Q,获取ctrl+c
获取播放状态信息: i  ？
调节音量: - + _ =
暂停恢复：p
停止:s
Usage: ./madplay [OPTIONS] FILE [...]
Decode and play MPEG audio FILE(s).

Verbosity:
  -v, --verbose                show status while decoding
  -q, --quiet                  be quiet but show warnings
  -Q, --very-quiet             be quiet and do not show warnings
      --display-time=MODE      use default verbose time display MODE
                                 (remaining, current, overall)

Decoding:
      --downsample             reduce sample rate 2:1
  -i, --ignore-crc             ignore CRC errors
      --ancillary-output=PATH  write ancillary data to PATH

Audio output:
  -o, --output=[TYPE:]PATH     write output to PATH with format TYPE (below)
  -b, --bit-depth=DEPTH        request DEPTH bits per sample
  -R, --sample-rate=HERTZ      request HERTZ samples per second
  -d, --no-dither              do not dither output PCM samples
      --fade-in[=DURATION]     fade-in songs over DURATION (default 0:05)
  -a, --attenuate=DECIBELS     attenuate signal by DECIBELS (-)
  -a, --amplify=DECIBELS       amplify signal by DECIBELS (+)
  -A, --adjust-volume=DECIBELS override per-file volume adjustments
  -G, --replay-gain[=PROFILE]  enable Replay Gain volume adjustments using
                                 PROFILE (radio, audiophile)

Channel selection:
  -1, --left                   output first (left) channel only
  -2, --right                  output second (right) channel only
  -m, --mono                   mix left and right channels for monaural output
  -S, --stereo                 force stereo output

Playback:
  -s, --start=TIME             skip to begin at TIME (HH:MM:SS.DDD)
  -t, --time=DURATION          play only for DURATION (HH:MM:SS.DDD)
  -z, --shuffle                randomize file list
  -r, --repeat[=MAX]           play files MAX times, or indefinitely
      --tty-control            enable keyboard controls
      --no-tty-control         disable keyboard controls

Miscellaneous:
  -T, --show-tags-only         show ID3/encoder tags only (do not decode)
  -V, --version                display version number and exit
      --license                show copyright/license message and exit
  -h, --help                   display this help and exit

Supported output formats:
  cdda    CD audio, 16-bit big-endian 44100 Hz stereo PCM (*.cdr, *.cda)
  aiff    Audio IFF, [16-bit] PCM (*.aif, *.aiff)
  wave    Microsoft RIFF/WAVE, [16-bit] PCM (*.wav)
  snd     Sun/NeXT audio, 8-bit ISDN mu-law (*.au, *.snd)
  raw     binary [16-bit] host-endian linear PCM
  hex     ASCII hexadecimal [24-bit] linear PCM
  null    no output (decode only)
————————————————
 

9522 frames decoded (0:04:08.7), +1.7 dB peak amplitude, 4202 clipped samples

 

/*
 * libmad - MPEG audio decoder library
 * Copyright (C) 2000-2004 Underbit Technologies, Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * $Id: minimad.c,v 1.4 2004/01/23 09:41:32 rob Exp $
 */
 
# include <stdio.h>
# include <unistd.h>
# include <sys/stat.h>
# include <sys/mman.h>
 
# include "mad.h"
 
/*
 * This is perhaps the simplest example use of the MAD high-level API.
 * Standard input is mapped into memory via mmap(), then the high-level API
 * is invoked with three callbacks: input, output, and error. The output
 * callback converts MAD's high-resolution PCM samples to 16 bits, then
 * writes them to standard output in little-endian, stereo-interleaved
 * format.
 */
 
static int decode(unsigned char const *, unsigned long);
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  struct stat stat;
  void *fdm;
 
  if (argc != 1)
    return 1;
 
  if (fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &stat) == -1 ||
      stat.st_size == 0)
    return 2;
 
  fdm = mmap(0, stat.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, STDIN_FILENO, 0);
  if (fdm == MAP_FAILED)
    return 3;
 
  decode(fdm, stat.st_size);
 
  if (munmap(fdm, stat.st_size) == -1)
    return 4;
 
  return 0;
}
 
/*
 * This is a private message structure. A generic pointer to this structure
 * is passed to each of the callback functions. Put here any data you need
 * to access from within the callbacks.
 */
 
struct buffer {
  unsigned char const *start;
  unsigned long length;
};
 
/*
 * This is the input callback. The purpose of this callback is to (re)fill
 * the stream buffer which is to be decoded. In this example, an entire file
 * has been mapped into memory, so we just call mad_stream_buffer() with the
 * address and length of the mapping. When this callback is called a second
 * time, we are finished decoding.
 */
 
static
enum mad_flow input(void *data,
            struct mad_stream *stream)
{
  struct buffer *buffer = data;
 
  if (!buffer->length)
    return MAD_FLOW_STOP;
 
  mad_stream_buffer(stream, buffer->start, buffer->length);
 
  buffer->length = 0;
 
  return MAD_FLOW_CONTINUE;
}
 
/*
 * The following utility routine performs simple rounding, clipping, and
 * scaling of MAD's high-resolution samples down to 16 bits. It does not
 * perform any dithering or noise shaping, which would be recommended to
 * obtain any exceptional audio quality. It is therefore not recommended to
 * use this routine if high-quality output is desired.
 */
 
static inline
signed int scale(mad_fixed_t sample)
{
  /* round */
  sample += (1L << (MAD_F_FRACBITS - 16));
 
  /* clip */
  if (sample >= MAD_F_ONE)
    sample = MAD_F_ONE - 1;
  else if (sample < -MAD_F_ONE)
    sample = -MAD_F_ONE;
 
  /* quantize */
  return sample >> (MAD_F_FRACBITS + 1 - 16);
}
 
/*
 * This is the output callback function. It is called after each frame of
 * MPEG audio data has been completely decoded. The purpose of this callback
 * is to output (or play) the decoded PCM audio.
 */
 
static
enum mad_flow output(void *data,
             struct mad_header const *header,
             struct mad_pcm *pcm)
{
  unsigned int nchannels, nsamples;
  mad_fixed_t const *left_ch, *right_ch;
 
  /* pcm->samplerate contains the sampling frequency */
 
  nchannels = pcm->channels;
  nsamples  = pcm->length;
  left_ch   = pcm->samples[0];
  right_ch  = pcm->samples[1];
 
  while (nsamples--) {
    signed int sample;
 
    /* output sample(s) in 16-bit signed little-endian PCM */
 
    sample = scale(*left_ch++);
    putchar((sample >> 0) & 0xff);
    putchar((sample >> 8) & 0xff);
 
    if (nchannels == 2) {
      sample = scale(*right_ch++);
      putchar((sample >> 0) & 0xff);
      putchar((sample >> 8) & 0xff);
    }
  }
 
  return MAD_FLOW_CONTINUE;
}
 
/*
 * This is the error callback function. It is called whenever a decoding
 * error occurs. The error is indicated by stream->error; the list of
 * possible MAD_ERROR_* errors can be found in the mad.h (or stream.h)
 * header file.
 */
 
static
enum mad_flow error(void *data,
            struct mad_stream *stream,
            struct mad_frame *frame)
{
  struct buffer *buffer = data;
 
  fprintf(stderr, "decoding error 0x%04x (%s) at byte offset %u\n",
      stream->error, mad_stream_errorstr(stream),
      stream->this_frame - buffer->start);
 
  /* return MAD_FLOW_BREAK here to stop decoding (and propagate an error) */
 
  return MAD_FLOW_CONTINUE;
}
 
/*
 * This is the function called by main() above to perform all the decoding.
 * It instantiates a decoder object and configures it with the input,
 * output, and error callback functions above. A single call to
 * mad_decoder_run() continues until a callback function returns
 * MAD_FLOW_STOP (to stop decoding) or MAD_FLOW_BREAK (to stop decoding and
 * signal an error).
 */
 
static
int decode(unsigned char const *start, unsigned long length)
{
  struct buffer buffer;
  struct mad_decoder decoder;
  int result;
 
  /* initialize our private message structure */
 
  buffer.start  = start;
  buffer.length = length;
 
  /* configure input, output, and error functions */
 
  mad_decoder_init(&decoder, &buffer,
           input, 0 /* header */, 0 /* filter */, output,
           error, 0 /* message */);
 
  /* start decoding */
 
  result = mad_decoder_run(&decoder, MAD_DECODER_MODE_SYNC);
 
  /* release the decoder */
 
  mad_decoder_finish(&decoder);
 
  return result;
}