Android实现对图片的缩放、剪切、旋转、存储

最近看到一篇关于图像处理的blog，感觉挺有用的，转载过来收藏下

一、问题描述

在开发中，当我们需要的有一张大图片同时还需要一些小图片时，我们只需要通过代码对此图片进行不同比例的缩放即可，这样大大节约资源，减小了安装包的尺寸 。除缩放外，我们还经常对图片进行其他操作如裁剪、旋转、存储等。

这样我们可以编写对于图片进行处理的通用组件，方便开发。下面就分享一下对图片进行处理的组件BitmapUtil，案例界面：

二、技术点描述

1、 通过 BitmapFactory 取得Bitmap

Bitmap bm=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(InputStream is );

2、Bimap的createBitmap()方法

Bitmap newbm = Bitmap.createBitmap( Bitmap s, int x, int y, int w, int h, Matrix m, boolean f);

该方法可实现位图的缩放、裁剪、旋转操作

参数说明：

Bitmap s：要处理的原始位图

int x ,y：起始位置坐标

int w：要截的图的宽度

int h：要截的图的宽度

Matrix m 矩阵，主要是用于平面的缩放、平移、旋转

boolean f：是否保证等比

返回值：返回处理后的Bitmap

三、BitmapUtil组件

可实现对图片进行按比例缩放、图片按比例裁剪、圆形图片处理等方法，实现功能如下：

1、readBitmapById（）方法

/**
 * 通过资源id转化成Bitmap
 * @param context
 * @param resId
 * @return
 */
public static Bitmap readBitmapById(Context context, int resId){
  BitmapFactory.Options opt = new BitmapFactory.Options();
  opt.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
  opt.inPurgeable = true;
  opt.inInputShareable = true;
  InputStream is = context.getResources().openRawResource(resId);
  return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, opt);
}

2、scaleImage()方法，实现按指定宽高缩放图片

执行效果如图：

/**
* 缩放图片
   * @param bm 要缩放图片
   * @param newWidth 宽度
   * @param newHeight 高度
   * @return处理后的图片
   */
  public static  Bitmap  scaleImage(Bitmap bm, int newWidth, int newHeight){
    if (bm == null){
      return null;
    }
    int width = bm.getWidth();
    int height = bm.getHeight();
    float scaleWidth = ((float) newWidth) / width;
    float scaleHeight = ((float) newHeight) / height;
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
    matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight);
    Bitmap newbm = Bitmap.createBitmap(bm, 0, 0, width, height, matrix,true);
    if (bm != null & !bm.isRecycled()){
      bm.recycle();//销毁原图片
      bm = null;
    }
    return newbm;
  }

3、imageCrop()方法

执行效果如图：

/**
 * 按照一定的宽高比例裁剪图片
 * @param bitmap 要裁剪的图片
 * @param num1 长边的比例
 * @param num2 短边的比例
 * @param isRecycled是否回收原图片
 * @return 裁剪后的图片
 */
public static Bitmap  imageCrop(Bitmap bitmap, int num1, int num2, boolean isRecycled){
  if (bitmap == null){
    return null;
  }
  int w = bitmap.getWidth(); // 得到图片的宽，高
  int h = bitmap.getHeight();
  int retX, retY;
  int nw, nh;
  if (w > h){
    if (h > w * num2 / num1){
      nw = w;
      nh = w * num2 / num1;
      retX = 0;
      retY = (h - nh) / 2;
    } else{
      nw = h * num1 / num2;
      nh = h;
      retX = (w - nw) / 2;
      retY = 0;
    }
  } else{
    if (w > h * num2 / num1){
      nh = h;
      nw = h * num2 / num1;
      retY = 0;
      retX = (w - nw) / 2;
    } else{
      nh = w * num1 / num2;
      nw = w;
      retY = (h - nh) / 2;
      retX = 0;}
  }
  Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, retX, retY, nw, nh, null,false);
  if (isRecycled && bitmap != null && !bitmap.equals(bmp)&& !bitmap.isRecycled()){
    bitmap.recycle();//回收原图片
    bitmap = null;
  }
  return bmp;
}

4、toRoundCorner()实现将图片转圆角

执行效果如图：

/**
 *图片转圆角 
 * @param bitmap需要转的bitmap
 * @param pixels转圆角的弧度
 * @return 转圆角的bitmap
 */
public static Bitmap toRoundCorner(Bitmap bitmap, int pixels)    {
    Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(),
      bitmap.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);
    final int color = 0xff424242;
    final Paint paint = new Paint();
    final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight());
    final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect);
    final float roundPx = pixels;
    paint.setAntiAlias(true);
    canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
    paint.setColor(color);
    canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint);
    paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));
    canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);
    if (bitmap != null && !bitmap.isRecycled())
    {
  bitmap.recycle();
    }
    return output;
}

5、toRoundBitmap（）方法将图像裁剪成圆形

执行效果如图：

public static Bitmap toRoundBitmap(Bitmap bitmap){
if (bitmap == null){
      return null;
    }
    int width = bitmap.getWidth();
    int height = bitmap.getHeight();
    float roundPx;
    float left, top, right, bottom, dst_left, dst_top, dst_right, dst_bottom;
    if (width <= height){
      roundPx = width / 2;
      top = 0;
      bottom = width;
      left = 0;
      right = width;
      height = width;
      dst_left = 0;
      dst_top = 0;
      dst_right = width;
      dst_bottom = width;
    } else{
      roundPx = height / 2;
      float clip = (width - height) / 2;
      left = clip;
      right = width - clip;
      top = 0;
      bottom = height;
      width = height;
      dst_left = 0;
      dst_top = 0;
      dst_right = height;
      dst_bottom = height;
    }
    Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);
    final int color = 0xff424242;
    final Paint paint = new Paint();
    final Rect src = new Rect((int) left, (int) top, (int) right,
        (int) bottom);
    final Rect dst = new Rect((int) dst_left, (int) dst_top,
        (int) dst_right, (int) dst_bottom);
    final RectF rectF = new RectF(dst);
    paint.setAntiAlias(true);
    canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
    paint.setColor(color);
    canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint);
    paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));
    canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, src, dst, paint);
    if (bitmap != null && !bitmap.isRecycled()){
      bitmap.recycle();
      bitmap = null;
    }
    return output;
  }

6、rotaingImageView()方法，实现旋转图片

执行效果如图：

/**
 * 旋转图片
 * @param angle 旋转角度
 * @param bitmap 要处理的Bitmap
 * @return 处理后的Bitmap
 */
public static Bitmap rotaingImageView(int angle, Bitmap bitmap)
{
  // 旋转图片 动作
  Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
  matrix.postRotate(angle);
  // 创建新的图片
  Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0,
      bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
  if (resizedBitmap != bitmap && bitmap != null && !bitmap.isRecycled()){
    bitmap.recycle();
    bitmap = null;
  }
  return resizedBitmap;
  }

7、saveBmpToSd()实现将保存Bitmap到sdcard

public static boolean saveBmpToSd(String dir, Bitmap bm, String filename,
    int quantity, boolean recyle) {
  boolean ret = true;
  if (bm == null) {
    return false;}
  File dirPath = new File(dir);
  if (!exists(dir)) {
    dirPath.mkdirs();
  }
  if (!dir.endsWith(File.separator)) {
    dir += File.separator;
  }
  File file = new File(dir + filename);
  OutputStream outStream = null;
  try {
    file.createNewFile();
    outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
    bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, quantity, outStream);
  } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    ret = false;
  } finally {
    try {
      if (outStream != null) outStream.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    if (recyle && !bm.isRecycled()) {
      bm.recycle();
      bm = null;
    }
  }
  return ret;
}