NumPy详细API第二篇

以下代码是基于python3.5.0

import numpy

# -----------------------判断数组中是否存在特定值------------------------------
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
print(vector == 10)            # 判断数组中有没有10，返回布尔值[False  True False False]

# -----------------------判断矩阵中是否存在特定值------------------------------
matrix = numpy.array([
                    [5, 10, 15],
                    [20, 25, 30],
                    [35, 40, 45]])
# 返回array([[False, False, False],[False,  True, False],[False, False, False]], dtype=bool)
matrix == 25

#  -----------------------判断数组中是否存在特定值，并打印出值------------------------------
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten = (vector == 10)
print(equal_to_ten)               # [False  True False False]
print(vector[equal_to_ten])       # 10

# -----------------------判断矩阵中是否存在特定值------------------------------
matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15],
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
second_column_25 = (matrix[:,1] == 25)   # 判断第二列有没有等于25的值，返回值为布尔值
print(second_column_25)                  # [False True False]
print(matrix[second_column_25, :])       # [[20 25 30]]

vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten_and_five = (vector == 10) & (vector == 5)
print(equal_to_ten_and_five)             # [False False False False]

# ---------------------判断数组中是否存在某些值，把一个或多个值进行重新赋值-------------------
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten_or_five = (vector == 10) | (vector == 5)   # [True True False False]
vector[equal_to_ten_or_five] = 50               # 把为true的位置赋值为50
print(vector)                                   # [50, 50, 15, 20]

# ------------------判断矩阵中是否存在某个值，把特定位置的值进行重新赋值----------------------
matrix = numpy.array([
            [5, 10, 15],
            [20, 25, 30],
            [35, 40, 45]
         ])
second_column_25 = matrix[:,1] == 25
print(second_column_25)                       # [False True False]
matrix[second_column_25, 1] = 10              # 把第2行第2列赋值为10
print(matrix)

# -------------------类型装换-------------------
vector = numpy.array(["1", "2", "3"])
print(vector.dtype)                           # S1
print(vector)                                 # ['1' '2' '3']
vector = vector.astype(float)
print(vector.dtype)                           # float64
print(vector)                                 # [ 1.  2.  3.]

# --------------------求和----------------------
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
vector.sum()                                  # 50

# -------------------按行求和axis=1--------------------
matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15],
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
matrix.sum(axis=1)                            # array([ 30,  75, 120])

# -------------------按列求和axis=0--------------------
matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15],
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
matrix.sum(axis=0)                            # array([60, 75, 90])

# ------------------------自己练习---------------------------
#replace nan value with 0
world_alcohol = numpy.genfromtxt("world_alcohol.txt", delimiter=",")
#print world_alcohol
is_value_empty = numpy.isnan(world_alcohol[:,4])
#print is_value_empty
world_alcohol[is_value_empty, 4] = '0'
alcohol_consumption = world_alcohol[:,4]
alcohol_consumption = alcohol_consumption.astype(float)
total_alcohol = alcohol_consumption.sum()
average_alcohol = alcohol_consumption.mean()
print(total_alcohol)
print(average_alcohol)