【面试】spring如何处理线程并发问题

一.方式

• 1.将bean声明为多例
• 2.将成员变量放在ThreadLocal
• 3. 同步锁(影响系统吞吐量)

二.代码示例

1.声明为多例

@Configuration
public class MainConfig {
	@Bean
	@Scope("prototype")
	public UserService userService(){
		return new UserService();
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class UserService {
	private String username;

	public String welcome(String username){
		this.username = "welcome:" + username;

		// 处理业务
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return this.username;
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class Run {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);

		// 线程一
		UserService bean1 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean1.welcome("张三"));
		}).start();

		// 线程二
		UserService bean2 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean2.welcome("李四"));
		}).start();

	}
}

2.将成员变量放在ThreadLocal

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
@Configuration
public class MainConfig {
	@Bean
	public UserService userService(){
		return new UserService();
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class UserService {

	private ThreadLocal<String> username = new ThreadLocal<>();

	public String welcome(String username){
		this.username.set("welcome:" + username);

		// 处理业务
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return this.username.get();
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class Run {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);

		// 线程一
		UserService bean1 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean1.welcome("张三"));
		}).start();

		// 线程二
		UserService bean2 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean2.welcome("李四"));
		}).start();

	}
}

3.同步锁

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
@Configuration
public class MainConfig {
	@Bean
	public UserService userService(){
		return new UserService();
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class UserService {

	private String username;

	public synchronized String welcome(String username){
		this.username = "welcome:" + username;

		// 处理业务
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return this.username;
	}
}

package com.learning.beanthreadsafe;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 单例是否线程安全
 **/
public class Run {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);

		// 线程一
		UserService bean1 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean1.welcome("张三"));
		}).start();

		// 线程二
		UserService bean2 = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
		new Thread(()->{
			System.out.println(bean2.welcome("李四"));
		}).start();

	}
}