广播的发送和接受过程是怎样的

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-13 05:30:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-13 05:30:59 发布

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最近一直在研究学习Android broadcast 。这里就主要讲解一下广播的发送和接受过程

。当通过send方法来发送广播时，AMS会查找出匹配的广播接收者并将广播发送给他们处理。广播的发送有几种类型：普通广播，有序广播和粘性广播。这里分析下普通广播的实现。

广播的发送和接收。其本质是一个过程的两个阶段。广播的发送仍然开始于ContextWrapper的sendBroadcast方法，之所以不是Context，那是因为Context的sendBroadcast是一个抽象方法。和广播的注册过程一样ContextWrapper的sendBroadcast方法仍然什么都不做，只是把事情交给ContextImpl去处理，ContextImpl的sendBroadcast方法源码如下：

public void sendBroadcast(Intent intent) {

warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();

String resolvedType = intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver());

try {

intent.prepareToLeaveProcess();

ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().broadcastIntent(

mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), intent, resolvedType, null,

Activity.RESULT_OK, null, null, null, AppOpsManager.OP_NONE, false, false,

getUserId());

} catch (RemoteException e) {

}

它直接向AMS发起了一个异步请求用于发送广播。那么AMS的broadcastIntent方法的源码如下：

public final int broadcastIntent(IApplicationThread caller,

Intent intent, String resolvedType, IIntentReceiver resultTo,

int resultCode, String resultData, Bundle map,

String requiredPermission, boolean serialized, boolean sticky, int userId) {

synchronized(this) {

intent = verifyBroadcastLocked(intent);

final ProcessRecord callerApp = getRecordForAppLocked(caller);

final int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();

final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();

final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();

int res = broadcastIntentLocked(callerApp,

callerApp != null ? callerApp.info.packageName : null,

intent, resolvedType, resultTo,

resultCode, resultData, map, requiredPermission, serialized, sticky,

callingPid, callingUid, userId);

Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);

return res;

}

从代码上看，broadcastIntent调用了broadcastIntentLocked方法，但在AMS的broadcastIntentLocked方法里有这么一句：

// By default broadcasts do not go to stopped apps.

intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES);

这表示在Android5.0下，默认情况下广播不会发送给已经停止的应用。FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES的含义是表示不包含已经停止的应用，这个时候广播不会发送给已经停止的应用。

在broadcastIntentLocked的内部，会根据intent-filter查找出匹配的广播接收者并经过一系列的条件过滤，最终会将满足条件的广播接收者添加到BroadcastQueue中，接着BroadcastQueue将会广播发送给相应的广播接收者。

if ((receivers != null && receivers.size() > 0)

|| resultTo != null) {

BroadcastQueue queue = broadcastQueueForIntent(intent);

BroadcastRecord r = new BroadcastRecord(queue, intent, callerApp,

callerPackage, callingPid, callingUid, requiredPermission,

receivers, resultTo, resultCode, resultData, map, ordered,

sticky, false);

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(

TAG, "Enqueueing ordered broadcast " + r

+ ": prev had " + queue.mOrderedBroadcasts.size());

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) {

int seq = r.intent.getIntExtra("seq", -1);

Slog.i(TAG, "Enqueueing broadcast " + r.intent.getAction() + " seq=" + seq);

}

boolean replaced = replacePending && queue.replaceOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);

if (!replaced) {

queue.enqueueOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);

queue.scheduleBroadcastsLocked();

}

下面看下BroadcastQueue中广播的发送过程的实现。如下所示：

public void scheduleBroadcastsLocked() {

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG, "Schedule broadcasts ["

+ mQueueName + "]: current="

+ mBroadcastsScheduled);

if (mBroadcastsScheduled) {

return;

}

mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(BROADCAST_INTENT_MSG, this));

mBroadcastsScheduled = true;

}

BroadcastQueue的scheduleBroadcastsLocked方法并没有立即发送广播，而是发送了一个BROADCAST_INTENT_MSG类型的消息，BroadcastQueue收到消息后会调用processNextBroadcast方法，BroadcastQueue的processNextBroadcast方法对普通广播的处理方式如下：

// First, deliver any non-serialized broadcasts right away.

while (mParallelBroadcasts.size() > 0) {

r = mParallelBroadcasts.remove(0);

r.dispatchTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();

r.dispatchClockTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

final int N = r.receivers.size();

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST_LIGHT) Slog.v(TAG, "Processing parallel broadcast ["

+ mQueueName + "] " + r);

for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {

Object target = r.receivers.get(i);

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG,

"Delivering non-ordered on [" + mQueueName + "] to registered "

+ target + ": " + r);

deliverToRegisteredReceiverLocked(r, (BroadcastFilter)target, false);

}

addBroadcastToHistoryLocked(r);

if (DEBUG_BROADCAST_LIGHT) Slog.v(TAG, "Done with parallel broadcast ["

+ mQueueName + "] " + r);

}

可以看到，无序广播存储在mParallelBroadcasts中，系统会遍历mParallelBroadcasts并将其中的广播发送给它们所有接收者，具体的发送过程是通过deliverToRegisteredReceiverLocked方法来实现的。

最终呢，会调用ApplicationThread的scheduleRegisteredReceiver的实现比较简单，它通过InnerReceiver来实现广播的接收。然后InnerReceiver的performReceive方法会调用LoadedApk.ReceiverDispatcher的PerformReceive方法。最终会回调到receiver.onReceive()这个方法。