ServletConetext对象

1.概念

代表整个web应用，可以和程序的容器（服务器）来通信

2.获取

   1.通过request对象获取 req.getServletContext();

   2.通过HttpServlet获取，this.getServletContext();

package cn.red.web.servletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo1")
public class ServletContextDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext sc = req.getServletContext();
        ServletContext sc1 = this.getServletContext();

        System.out.println(sc);
        System.out.println(sc1);

        System.out.println(sc==sc1);

    }
}

org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@560e82c
org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@560e82c
true

3.功能

   1.获取MIME类型

     *MIME类型：在互联网通信过程中定义的一种文件数据类型（在tomcat的conf/web.xml中对应)

     *格式： 大类型/小类型   text/html        image/jpeg

     *获取：String getMimeType(String file)

package cn.red.web.servletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo2")
public class ServletContextDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext sc = req.getServletContext();
        //定义一个文件名称
        String filename = "a.jpg";

        String mimeType = sc.getMimeType(filename);
        System.out.println(mimeType);
    }
}

image/jpeg

   2.域对象（对象范围：所有用户所有请求的数据）

     2.1. setAttribute(String name,Object value)
     2.2. getAttribute(String name)
     2.3. removeAttribute(String name)

package cn.red.web.servletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/servletContextDemoA")
public class ServletContextDemoA extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext sc = req.getServletContext();

        sc.setAttribute("msg","this is a message from servletContext");
    }
}

package cn.red.web.servletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/servletContextDemoB")
public class ServletContextDemoB extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext sc = req.getServletContext();

        System.out.println(sc.getAttribute("msg"));
    }
}

  3.获取文件的真实(服务器)路径

    加载文件进服务器内存，时候需要用到

   

用ClassLoader也能访问到src下的文件，局限性比较大

package cn.red.web.servletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/servletContextDemo5")
public class ServletContextDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext sc = req.getServletContext();

        String realPath = sc.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/a.txt");//src下的资源访问
        //D:\workspace\Servlet_training\out\artifacts\Serlvet_Response_war_exploded\a.txt
        System.out.println(realPath);

        String realPath1 = sc.getRealPath("/b.txt");//web目录下的资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath1);

        String realPath2 = sc.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/c.txt");//WEB-INFO下的资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath2);

        /**
         * 输出结果：
         * D:\workspace\Servlet_training\out\artifacts\Serlvet_Response_war_exploded\WEB-INF\classes\a.txt
         * D:\workspace\Servlet_training\out\artifacts\Serlvet_Response_war_exploded\b.txt
         * D:\workspace\Servlet_training\out\artifacts\Serlvet_Response_war_exploded\WEB-INF\c.txt
         */

    }
}