MySQL主主复制（四）

1.两台mysql都可读写，互为主备，默认只使用一台（masterA）负责数据的写入，另一台（masterB）备用；

2.masterA是masterB的主库，masterB又是masterA的主库，它们互为主从；

3.两台主库之间做高可用,可以采用keepalived等方案（使用VIP对外提供服务）；

4.所有提供服务的从服务器与masterB进行主从同步（双主多从）;

1.修改配置文件（/etc/my.cnf）
A配置文件：

log-bin=mysql-bin #[必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=1 #[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
log-slave-updates = true  #将复制事件写入binlog,一台服务器既做主库又做从库此选项必须要开启
#masterA自增长ID
auto_increment_offset = 1
auto_increment_increment = 2  #奇数ID

B配置文件：

log-bin=mysql-bin #[必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=2  #[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
log-slave-updates = true #将复制事件写入binlog,一台服务器既做主库又做从库此选项必须要开启
#masterB自增加ID
auto_increment_offset = 2
auto_increment_increment = 2 #偶数ID

2.重启MySQL
3.添加主从同步账户（两台服务器）

mysql> create user 'copy'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

masterA:

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'copy'@'192.168.9.203' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

masterB:

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'copy'@'192.168.9.202' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4.查看主库的状态
masterA

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      603 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

masterB

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      853 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

5.配置同步信息
masterA

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.9.203',master_port=3306,master_user='copy',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=853;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.9.203
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 853
               Relay_Log_File: skx2-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 853
              Relay_Log_Space: 526
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 2
                  Master_UUID: 302d77c9-e25d-11ec-96a6-000c2979a94f
             Master_Info_File: /db/mysql-5.7/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

masterB

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.9.202',master_port=13306,master_user='copy',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=603;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.9.202
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port: 13306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 603
               Relay_Log_File: skx3-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 603
              Relay_Log_Space: 526
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 35e9c2a2-e285-11ec-bb6f-000c29127683
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

注：正常步骤是：先masterA锁表–>masterA备份数据–>masterA解锁表
–>masterB导入数据–>masterB设置主从–>查看主从

6.测试
A:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test_db            |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test01             |
| test02             |
| test_db            |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

B:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test01             |
| test_db            |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test02;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

A:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test01             |
| test02             |
| test_db            |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

附注：
开启GTID

#masterA和masterB分别执行如下命令：
mysql> stop slave;

mysql> change master to MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

mysql> start slave;