安装ssh
查看22端口
netstat -ntlp|grep 22
dpkg -l | grep ssh
apt-get install openssh-server
重装编辑器
apt-get remove vim-common
apt-get install vim-gtk
更改国内源
备份源文件
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
[sudo] password for ubuntu:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ls /etc/apt/
apt.conf.d auth.conf.d preferences.d sources.list sources.list.bak sources.list.curtin.old sources.list.d trusted.gpg trusted.gpg.d
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ll /etc/apt/
total 44
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Mar 17 2021 ./
drwxr-xr-x 98 root root 4096 Mar 17 2021 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 17 2021 apt.conf.d/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 9 2020 auth.conf.d/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 9 2020 preferences.d/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 912 Mar 17 2021 sources.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 912 Oct 24 09:00 sources.list.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2743 Feb 1 2021 sources.list.curtin.old
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 17 2021 sources.list.d/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 641 Mar 17 2021 trusted.gpg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 17 2021 trusted.gpg.d/
更改文件权限使其可编辑
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 777 /etc/apt/sources.list
文件编辑Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
更新软件列表,换源完成。update 是同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引,这样才能获取到最新的软件包。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update
更新软件:
upgrade 是升级已安装的所有软件包,升级之后的版本就是本地索引里的,因此,在执行 upgrade 之前一定要执行 update, 这样才能是最新的。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
网络配置
编辑网络配置文件
vi /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
network:
ethernets:
ens33:
dhcp4: no
addresses: [192.168.9.100/24]
gateway4: 192.168.9.2
nameservers:
addresses: [114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8]
version: 2
加载配置文件
netplan apply
防火墙配置
查看防火墙状态
ufw status verbose
Status: inactive
正常情况安装以后应该是默认禁止状态的,这表示防火墙没有开启,下面启用防火墙。
启用并开机自启动
ufw enable
ufw default deny
打开或关闭某个端口,例如:
ufw allow 53 允许外部访问53端口(tcp/udp)
ufw allow 8001/tcp 指定开放8001的tcp协议
ufw allow 3690 允许外部访问3690端口(svn)
ufw allow from 192.168.1.111 允许此IP访问所有的本机端口
ufw allow proto tcp from 192.168.0.0/24 to any port 22 允许指定的IP段访问特定端口
ufw delete allow (smtp) 删除上面建立的某条规则,比如删除svn端口就是 ufw delete allow 3690
重启防火墙:
ufw reload
查看防火墙状态
ufw status