拼手气红包算法_线段切割法

线段切割法就是将红包的总金额视为一段定长的长度，从中随机切（红包份数-1）个点，然后依次将线段分配。

下面是python的实现，当出现相同切割点时重新取点。这个不是最好的解决相同切割点的方法，如果可以实现顺序记录每一个取到的随机点，后续再生成随机点时，取点的范围中删去这些点，这样应该会更好。这个优化后续完善。。

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding utf-8 -*-

#使用线段切割法：将红包总金额视为一段长度，从中随机取人数减1个切割点将线段切割为等同人数的份数然后分配

__author__ = 'Luo Chenyi'
__data__ = '2020-12-18'
__vertion__ = 'v1.00.00'

import random

#MANUAL_SET = True
MANUAL_SET = False
if MANUAL_SET == True:
    total_momey = int(input("Please input the amount of money:"))
    total_num = int(input("How many people:"))
    total_times = int(input("How many cycles:"))
else:
    total_momey = int(100)
    total_num = int(10)
    total_times = int(1000)
    variance_exam_times = int(10)

#输出每次的抢红包结果
#DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING = True
DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING = False

#输入：
#   momey：  总金额
#   num：    总人数
#   times：  总次数
#返回：
#   variance:   进行了times抢红包的方差
def red_packet(money, num, times=1):
    if money <= 0:
        raise AttributeError('The amount should greater than 0.')
    elif num <= 0:
        raise AttributeError('The num should greater than 0.')

    #参数初始化和定义
    current_money = money * 100                 #当前剩余的钱，初始值为money，乘100倍表示精确到分
    avg = (current_money * times)/ num          #平均每人抢到的总金额 = 总金额 / 总人数
    variance = 0                                #方差, 用1000次红包的总金额来计算方差,方差越小，表示越公平
    circle_times = 0                            #循环次数

    L = []  #定义一个空表，记录每个人抢到的红包金额
    CutPoint = []  #定义一个空表，记录线段的切割点

    for i in range(0, num):
        L.append(0)

    while circle_times < times:
        circle_times += 1
        if DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING == True:
            #输出本次抢红包结果
            print('********************************************')
            print('Number of red packets snatched: %d' %circle_times)

        #切割点生成和排序,分num份则切（num-1）个点
        if num == 1:
            CutPoint = [0]
        else:
            #生成切割点
            CutPoint = list(set([random.randint(1, current_money - 1) for i in range(num - 1)]))
            while len(CutPoint) != num - 1:
                #有相同切割点则重新生成切割点
                CutPoint = list(set([random.randint(1, current_money - 1) for i in range(num - 1)]))
        #切割点按从小到大排列
        CutPoint.sort()
        if DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING == True:
            print('Length of CurPoint : %d'   %len(CutPoint))
            print('CurPoint is :', CutPoint)

        for i in range(0, num - 1):
            if i == 0:
                amount_of_i = CutPoint[i]
            else:
                amount_of_i = CutPoint[i] - CutPoint[i - 1]
            L[i] += amount_of_i
            if DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING == True:
                print('    id[%d] get %.02f' %(i + 1, (float)(amount_of_i / 100)))
        amount_of_i = current_money - CutPoint[num - 2]
        L[num - 1] += amount_of_i
        if DEBUG_INF_FOR_EACH_RED_PACKET_SNATCHING == True:
            print('    id[%d] get %.02f' %(num, (float)(amount_of_i / 100)))

    #输出多次抢红包的最终结果
    current_money = 0
    variance = 0
    print('********************************************')
    print(' Total money is %d, for %d people, circle %d times' %(money, num, times))
    print(' Total amount of red packets %.02f' %(money * times))
    print(' Average value is %.02f' %(float)(avg / 100))
    for i in range(0, num):
        current_money += L[i]
        variance += pow(abs((L[i] - avg) / times), 2)
        print('    id[%d] totally get %.02f average each time %.02f' %(i + 1, (float)(L[i] / 100), (float)(L[i] / 100 / times)))
    variance = (float)(variance / num / 10000)
    print(' The variance : %.2f' %variance)
    print(' Total amount of received : %.2f' %(current_money / 100))
    if (money * times) != (current_money / 100):
        raise AttributeError('Total amount of red packets(%.02f) is not equal to total amount of received(%.02f)' %(money * times, current_money / 10))
    print('********************************************')
    return (int)(variance * 100)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    variance_sum = 0
    for i in range(variance_exam_times):
        variance_sum += red_packet(total_momey, total_num, total_times)
    print('Sum of all variance exam(%d times) is %.02f' %(variance_exam_times, (float)(variance_sum / 100)))
    print('Done')