指向monitor对象的起始地址
更直观的理解方式:
无锁
首先一个对象创建呆在堆内存中, 此时对象头是无锁状态,如下:
偏向锁
偏向锁是一种针对加锁操作的优化手段,经过研究发现,在大多数情况下,锁不仅不存在多线程竞争,而且总是由同一线程多次获得,因此为了消除数据在无竞争情况下锁重入(CAS操作)的开销而引入偏向锁。对于没有锁竞争的场合,偏向锁有很好的优化效果。
偏向锁延迟偏向
偏向锁模式存在偏向锁延迟机制:HotSpot 虚拟机在启动后有个 4s 的延迟才会对每个新建的对象**开启偏向锁模式**。JVM默认延时加载偏向锁。
//关闭延迟开启偏向锁
-XX:BiasedLockingStartupDelay=0
//禁止偏向锁
-XX:-UseBiasedLocking
//启用偏向锁
-XX:+UseBiasedLocking
JVM启用了偏向锁模式(jdk6默认开启),新创建对象的Mark Word中的Thread Id为0,说明此时处于可偏向但未偏向任何线程,也叫做匿名偏向状态(anonymously biased)。
给对象加偏向锁:
这里说明下,后面我们输出的mark word和我们期望的在位置上是相反的,这是由于cpu的缘故
package com.cctv;
import org.openjdk.jol.info.ClassLayout;
public class LockEscalationDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
System.out.println(ClassLayout.parseInstance(new Object()).toPrintable());
Thread.sleep(4000);
System.out.println(ClassLayout.parseInstance(new Object()).toPrintable());
}
}
java.lang.Object object internals:
OFFSET SIZE TYPE DESCRIPTION VALUE
0 4 (object header) 01 00 00 00 (00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000) (1)
4 4 (object header) 00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
8 4 (object header) e5 01 00 f8 (11100101 00000001 00000000 11111000) (-134217243)
12 4 (loss due to the next object alignment)
Instance size: 16 bytes
Space losses: 0 bytes internal + 4 bytes external = 4 bytes total
java.lang.Object object internals:
OFFSET SIZE TYPE DESCRIPTION VALUE
0 4 (object header) 05 00 00 00 (00000101 00000000 00000000 00000000) (5)
4 4 (object header) 00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
8 4 (object header) e5 01 00 f8 (11100101 00000001 00000000 11111000) (-134217243)
12 4 (loss due to the next object alignment)
Instance size: 16 bytes
Space losses: 0 bytes internal + 4 bytes external = 4 bytes total
4s后新建对象偏向锁置为可偏向或者匿名偏向状态: