内部类变量需要声明final但是与此变量不能声明final的冲突解决办法

 声明为全局变量即可。

ViewHolder holder = null;//放在函数外面
@Override
public View getView(final int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

    if (convertView == null) {
        convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.sound_list_item, null);
        holder = new ViewHolder(convertView);
        convertView.setTag(holder);
    } else {
        holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
    }
    holder.soundId.setText(String.valueOf(position + 1));
    holder.soundPath.setText(data.get(position).get("soundpath"));
    //button点击事件
    //播放
    holder.playSound.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            HashMap<String, String> map = (HashMap<String, String>) lvSound.getItemAtPosition(position);
            String soundpath = map.get("soundpath");
            try {
                mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
                mediaPlayer.setDataSource(soundpath);
                mediaPlayer.prepare();
                mediaPlayer.start();
                Toast.makeText(BaseDataSheetActivity.this, "开始播放", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                holder.playSound.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.play_music_32));//可以使用了
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
    });
    return convertView;
}