学习ORACLE-RHEL7安装Oracle12cR2

把自己在RHEL7.0上安装Oracle12c R2 的过程记录下来

1.准备工作

1.0 设置本地域名解析

安装时提示需要这个东西

[root@oracle12c ~]# echo '192.168.10.10 oracle12c' >> /etc/hosts
[root@oracle12c ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.10.10 oracle12c
[root@oracle12c ~]#

1.1 主机内存

文档中对内存的要求是最小1G，推荐2G，查看本机内存为4G，符合条件：

[root@oracle12c ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        4033904 kB

1.2 操作系统版本

文档中要求范围比较宽泛，Oracle linux [5|6|7] ，RHEL[5|6|7] 或其它发行版都可以，本机系统为 RHEL7.0 符合条件：

[root@oracle12c ~]# uname -a
Linux oracle12c 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon May 5 11:16:57 EDT 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@oracle12c ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)

1.3 临时目录大小

临时目录要求最小1G,要求不是很严格

[root@oracle12c ~]# df -h /tmp
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   18G  2.9G   15G  17% /

1.4 Swap空间大小

文档里对Swap空间的大小要求依赖内存大小；
内存为1~2G时，Swap应为内存的1.5倍；内存为2~16G时，Swap应等于内存大小；本机Swap大小2G,需增加：

[root@oracle12c ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          3939       1420       2519          9          0        320
-/+ buffers/cache:       1098       2840
Swap:         2047          0       2047

增加方法：
1.创建2G文件 /usr/swap

[root@oracle12c Desktop]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap bs=1G count=2

2.设置交换分区

[root@oracle12c Desktop]# mkswap /usr/swap
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2097148 KiB
no label, UUID=b4fe13a0-89ea-4d71-8ada-6516f20cec8e

3.启动交换分区

[root@oracle12c Desktop]# swapon /usr/swap
swapon: /usr/swap: insecure permissions 0644, 0600 suggested.
[root@oracle12c Desktop]# chmod 0644 /usr/swap

4.开机自动挂载

[root@oracle12c Desktop]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@oracle12c Desktop]# mount -a
[root@oracle12c Desktop]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Sep  1 20:22:34 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        1 1
UUID=ed8d7ba8-d900-4481-a7a6-7fcd3995c062 /boot                   xfs     defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/usr/swap swap swap defaults 0 0

之前使用UUID做自动挂载，结果安装时没有了，重新用文件名挂载，现Swap空间符合要求：

[root@oracle12c Desktop]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          3939       2811       1127          9          0       1811
-/+ buffers/cache:       1000       2939
Swap:         4095          0       4095

1.5 安装所需Packages

Item

Requirements

Packages for Red HatEnterprise Linux 7

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed: binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7 (x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7 (x86_64) compat-libstdc+±33-3.2.3-71.el7 (i686) compat-libstdc+±33-3.2.3-71.el7 (x86_64) glibc-2.17-36.el7 (i686) glibc-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (i686) glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64) ksh libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686) libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686) libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64) libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686) libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64) libstdc+±4.8.2-3.el7 (i686) libstdc+±4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64) libstdc+±devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686) libstdc+±devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64) libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (i686) libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (x86_64) libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (i686) libX111.6.0-2.1.el7 (x86_64) libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (i686) libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (x86_64) libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (i686) libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (x86_64) libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (i686) libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (x86_64) libXrender (i686) libXrender (x86_64) libXrender-devel (i686) libXrender-devel (x86_64) make-3.82-19.el7 (x86_64) net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 (x86_64) (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware) nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.21.el7.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS) smartmontools-6.2-4.el7 (x86_64) sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7 (x86_64)

实际安装的都能在系统光盘中找到，配置yum仓库之后直