设计模式学习—03装饰模式

装饰模式

UML

解释说明

• 动态地给一个对象添加一些额外的职责。
• 在增加功能的方面上，装饰模式比生成子类更为灵活。
• 有效地把类的核心职责和装饰功能区分开。去除相关类中重复的装饰逻辑。

代码实现

• Component.class

package learn03;

public abstract class Component {
    public abstract void Operation();
}

• ConcreteComponent.class

package learn03;

public class ConcreteComponent extends Component {
    @Override
    public void Operation() {
        System.out.println("我是被装饰的对象！");
    }
}

• Decorator.class

package learn03;

public class Decorator extends Component {

    protected Component component;

    public void setComponent(Component component) {
        this.component = component;
    }

    @Override
    public void Operation() {
        if (null != component) {
            component.Operation();
        }
    }
}

• ConcreteDecoratorA.class

package learn03;

public class ConcreteDecoratorA extends Decorator {

    private String addedState;

    @Override
    public void Operation() {
        super.Operation();
        addedState = "装饰的新属性A！";
        System.out.println("添加：" + addedState);
    }
}

• ConcreteDecoratorB.class

package learn03;

public class ConcreteDecoratorB extends Decorator {

    @Override
    public void Operation() {
        super.Operation();
        AddedBehavior();
    }

    private void AddedBehavior() {
        System.out.println("执行：装饰的新功能B！");
    }
}

• Main.class

import learn03.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //实例化被装饰的对象和装饰器A和B
        ConcreteComponent concreteComponent = new ConcreteComponent();
        ConcreteDecoratorA concreteDecoratorA = new ConcreteDecoratorA();
        ConcreteDecoratorB concreteDecoratorB = new ConcreteDecoratorB();
        //先用装饰器A装饰被装饰的对象，再用B装饰器继续装饰
        concreteDecoratorA.setComponent(concreteComponent);
        concreteDecoratorB.setComponent(concreteDecoratorA);
        //执行装饰后的操作
        concreteDecoratorB.Operation();
    }
}

参考资料

• 大话设计模式