安卓学习 之 网络技术(十)

一. 显示web页面

1. 添加布局。使用webView
2. 添加权限<user-permission android:name = “android.permission.INTERNET”>
3. 加载布局，webView，并作出对应的设置。

WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.web_view);
webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
webView.loadUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

二. 访问网络的方法

方法一：HttpURLConnection（不推荐）

URL url = new URL("https://www.qq.com/");
connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
connection.connect();
InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
StringBuffer respose = new StringBuffer();
String line ;
 while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        respose.append(line);
}
showRespose(respose.toString());

方法二：OKHttp（推荐）

1. 在 app/build.gradle 添加依赖

dependencies {
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.1'
}

2. 发送请求

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://www.baidu.com")
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
String resposeDate = response.body().string();

三. 使用OKHttp和GSON解析JSON格式数据

1. 准备Json格式的数据
   1)sudo apachectl start打开mac自带的apache服务器
   2)在/Library/WebServer/Documents目录下创建get_data.json文件，内容为
   [{"id":"5","version":"5.5","name":"Clash of CLans"},{"id":"6","version":"7.0","name":"Boom Beach"},{"id":"7","version":"3.5","name":"Clash Royal"}]
   3)浏览器访问localhost/get_data.json查看数据
2. 添加GSON的依赖

dependencies {
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.14.1'
    implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
}

3. 使用OKHttp访问网络

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
	.url("http://192.168.1.155/get_data.json")//注意不要写localhost或者127.0.0.1
	.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
String resposeDate = response.body().string();

4. 使用GSON解析数据

Gson gson = new Gson();
List<People> peoples = gson.fromJson(data , new TypeToken<List<People>>(){}.getType());
for(People p : peoples){
 Log.d("MainActivity","id is : "+p.getId());
Log.d("MainActivity","name is : "+p.getName());
 Log.d("MainActivity","version is : "+p.getVersion());

如果json格式不是一个数组的话

People peoples = gson.fromJson(data , People.class);