地图瓦片服务器搭建

李晨豪 Lch

已于 2024-06-25 17:18:31 修改

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文章标签： docker postgresql gis OpenStreetMap

于 2024-06-21 11:40:56 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33538365/article/details/139856576

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文章目录

一、OpenStreetMap-Tile-Server
二、OpenStreetMap地图资源下载
三、加载地图资源
四、启动瓦片服务器
五、访问瓦片服务器

本次瓦片服务器我们主要基于OpenStreetMap-Tile-Server来做，以下是这个项目的介绍和具体操作流程

一、OpenStreetMap-Tile-Server

项目地址:https://gitcode.com/Overv/openstreetmap-tile-server
该容器基于最新的Ubuntu 18.04 LTS指南由switch2osm.org提供，允许您轻松地使用.osm.pbf文件设置OpenStreetMap PNG瓦片服务器，并采用默认的OpenStreetMap样式。
涉及的技术：Docker、OpenStreetMap、Osm2pgsql、PostgreSQL 数据库

二、OpenStreetMap地图资源下载

https://download.geofabrik.de/asia/china.html（国内可访问，本次使用国内地图，也可下载全球其他地区）

在这里插入图片描述

三、加载地图资源

OpenStreetMap-Tile-Server运行以及加载OpenStreetMap资源到项目中，这里是通过解析pdf文件到PostgreSql中实现，命令如下：

docker run --name osm-server-china 
-v D:\docker\osm\china-latest.osm.pbf:/data/region.osm.pbf 
-v osm-data-china:/data/database/ 
overv/openstreetmap-tile-server  import

该命令时间会长一点，底层的主要操作如下：

①移动本地osm.pbf文件到docker容器中

②解析osm.pbf文件

Node数据（约154754k），Way数据（约11620k），Relation数据（约150050B）

③创建Postgre账号：renderer，表结构创建，地图数据导入数据库

④下载地图公共资源，这里有点坑，这里详细说一下

到这一步时，OpenStreetMap-Tile-Server会自动下载一些地图公共资源的图层包，通过进入容器，查看启动脚本知道，项目中有一个external-data.yml的文件（/data/style/），内容如下：

settings:
  temp_schema: loading
  schema: public
  data_dir: data
  database: gis
  metadata_table: external_data
sources:
  simplified_water_polygons:
    # The type of file this source is
    type: shp
    # Where to get it
    url: https://osmdata.openstreetmap.de/download/simplified-water-polygons-split-3857.zip
    # The location within the archive
    file: simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      # Files to extract from the archive
      files:
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.cpg
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.dbf
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.prj
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shp
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shx
  water_polygons:
    type: shp
    url: https://osmdata.openstreetmap.de/download/water-polygons-split-3857.zip
    file: water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.cpg
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.dbf
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.prj
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shp
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shx
  icesheet_polygons:
    type: shp
    url: https://osmdata.openstreetmap.de/download/antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857.zip
    file: antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.cpg
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.dbf
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.prj
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shp
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shx
  icesheet_outlines:
    type: shp
    url: https://osmdata.openstreetmap.de/download/antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857.zip
    file: antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shp
    ogropts:
      - "-explodecollections"
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.cpg
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.dbf
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.prj
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shp
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shx

  ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land:
    type: shp
    url: https://naturalearth.s3.amazonaws.com/110m_cultural/ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.zip
    file: ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shp
    ogropts: &ne_opts
      - "--config"
      - "SHAPE_ENCODING"
      - "WINDOWS-1252"
      - "-explodecollections"
      # needs reprojecting
      - '-t_srs'
      - 'EPSG:3857'
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.dbf
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.prj
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shp
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shx

上面代码中，sources的内容即为地图公共资源包，可能会出现本地docker环境中，链接无法访问的情况，可以通过如下两种操作处理：
1、把文件下载下来，然后本地部署web容器，通过本机ip访问，同时，需要替换url为你的容器地址/资源名
2、本地git clone我的码云项目：https://gitee.com/1390893380/osm-tile-source.git，打包运行即可（water-polygons-split-3857.zip资源八百多兆，无法上传码云，需要自己本地下载后，放在项目的pubilc目录下，如果嫌慢的话可以用我百度云链接下载：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1I6xumrlnUfsJuJReeQ0D8A 提取码：nb4k），启动成功后，替换上面yml的url为http://你的ip/资源名，如下为我替换后的样例

settings:
  temp_schema: loading
  schema: public
  data_dir: data
  database: gis
  metadata_table: external_data
sources:
  simplified_water_polygons:
    # The type of file this source is
    type: shp
    # Where to get it
    url: http://172.16.18.36:80/simplified-water-polygons-split-3857.zip
    # The location within the archive
    file: simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      # Files to extract from the archive
      files:
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.cpg
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.dbf
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.prj
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shp
        - simplified-water-polygons-split-3857/simplified_water_polygons.shx
  water_polygons:
    type: shp
    url: http://172.16.18.36:80/water-polygons-split-3857.zip
    file: water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.cpg
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.dbf
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.prj
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shp
        - water-polygons-split-3857/water_polygons.shx
  icesheet_polygons:
    type: shp
    url: http://172.16.18.36:80/antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857.zip
    file: antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shp
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.cpg
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.dbf
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.prj
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shp
        - antarctica-icesheet-polygons-3857/icesheet_polygons.shx
  icesheet_outlines:
    type: shp
    url: http://172.16.18.36:80/antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857.zip
    file: antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shp
    ogropts:
      - "-explodecollections"
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.cpg
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.dbf
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.prj
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shp
        - antarctica-icesheet-outlines-3857/icesheet_outlines.shx
  ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land:
    type: shp
    url: http://172.16.18.36:80/ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.zip
    file: ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shp
    ogropts: &ne_opts
      - "--config"
      - "SHAPE_ENCODING"
      - "WINDOWS-1252"
      - "-explodecollections"
      # needs reprojecting
      - '-t_srs'
      - 'EPSG:3857'
    archive:
      format: zip
      files:
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.dbf
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.prj
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shp
        - ne_110m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.shx

注意：上述操作后，拿到的__external-data.yml内容，需要在步骤④之前替换掉原始的external-data.yml内容

⑤结束，中国地图1G左右，加载完成后，docker中volume为osm-data-china的磁盘空间占用大概在32G

四、启动瓦片服务器

docker run  osm-server-china-tile -p 8080:80 
-v osm-data-china:/data/database -d overv/openstreetmap-tile-server run

五、访问瓦片服务器

http://localhost:8080