基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建

最新推荐文章于 2018-07-26 16:54:18 发布

李秀才

最新推荐文章于 2018-07-26 16:54:18 发布

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分类专栏： springMVC教程文章标签： springMVC集成hibernate 全注解驱动的springMVC教程 springMVC框架搭建 springMVC入门教程

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本教程框架为基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3，开发工具为myEclipse.

整个工程含完整jar包，可在这里下载： http://www.demodashi.com/demo/10217.html

整体目录结构如下图：

最近在鼓捣SpringMVC框架，现将成果都记录下来，免得前学后忘。之前用的框架一直是S2SH，一直苦于要配置一堆的配置文件，自从接触SpringMVC，发现这才是我一直想要的框架，基于全注解，开发过程中零配置，实在快哉。此教程非常适合零基础的人学习回归正题，基于全注解驱动的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建（整合）过程如下，：

开发工具为myEclipse

第一步：新建一个web项目

第二步：加入所需的jar包

第三步：接下来我们开始配置SpringMVC容器

为了分工明确，我们将SpringMVC的配置单独写在spring-servlet.xml里，Spring的配置写在spring-common.xml（事务、数据源、sessionFactory等等）里。

spring-common.xml和spring-servlet.xml先加入如下schemal

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">

然后spring容器的配置先放下，先来配置springMVC（spring-servlet.xml）的配置

在schemal的结尾处加入这一句：default-autowire="byName" ，依赖注入将根据name自动装配。

接下来启动注解驱动的SpringMVC功能：

<mvc:annotation-driven />

扫描注解包（在SpringMVC的容器里，只扫描Controller注解就行了）

<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest"
        use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
  </context:component-scan>

use-default-filters默认为true，默认会扫描@Component、@Controller、@Repository、@Service的注解，在这里只扫描@Controller注解是因为，SpringMVC的容器没有事务的能力，所以扫描@Repository、@Service的注解只能放在Spring的容器。也正因为如此，事务的配置要写在Spring的容器。

然后是对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀（前缀是从控制器里返回的视图的父目录，此处配置的是让容器在WEB-INF/view/下找寻对应的视图；后缀是给视图名称追加后缀名，此处配置的是jsp后缀）

<bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"  p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />

配置CommonsMultpartResolver，上传文件的时候要用到CommonsMultpartResolver，maxUploadSize设置上传文件的大小限制，上传文件必须先配置此解析器。

 <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
      <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />
 </bean>

配置login视图解析，在登录拦截器里，校验未登录的话，要跳转到登录页面，然后由于login页面放在WEB-INF目录下，所以设置跳转到login.jsp会跳转不过去，在此处设置如下，在返回此view-name的地方，容器便不会当作Controller的路径，当作视图的路径跳转，在拦截器里便可以跳转到login页面（此配置告诉容器，这不是一个controller的方法的路径，而是一个视图的名称，请当作视图处理）。

<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />

拦截器的配置也是放在SpringMVC的容器里，拦截器以后的文章里再详细解说。

到此spring-servlet.xml的配置就告一段落了，spring-servlet.xml的全文如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--suppress ALL -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd"
	default-autowire="byName">
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	<!-- controller包(自动注入) -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" use-default-filters="false">
	  <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
	</context:component-scan>
	<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
	<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />
	<bean id="multipartResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
		<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置拦截器, 多个拦截器,顺序执行
        <mvc:interceptors>
           <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/*" />
           <bean class="com.mvc.rest.interceptor.CommonInterceptor"></bean> 
	 </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> -->
</beans>

第四步：我们配置web.xml

先配置CharacterEncodingFilter编码过滤器，此过滤器必须放在配置文件的最上面，有多个过滤器的时候，也应该放在第一位。encoding目标编码，forceEncoding设为true,会忽略请求来源的编码，强制使用encoding设置的编码。

 <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

然后配置ContextLoaderListener，此监听用来加载我们写的配置文件

  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

然后加载Spring配置文件

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath*:/spring/spring-common.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

接下来就是配置SpringMVC的核心Servlet，所有请求都要先经过DispatcherServlet，然后进行分发到对应的控制器。该Servlet须第一个被加载，且在初始化的时候去加载SpringMVC的配置文件——spring-servlet.xml

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <description>spring mvc</description>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

然后设置DispatcherServlet拦截的请求，此处的servlet-name，即是上面配置的DispatcherServlet的name，url-pattern设置为斜杠，则会拦截所有请求，也即静态资源html、css、js也直接请求。

    <servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
	 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>

为此，我们需要设置，哪些资源不进行拦截

  <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-mapping>
	  <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

到此，SpringMVC就可以正常使用了。

欢迎页面的设置，原本此处只能设置视图名，*.jsp或者*.html，因为在spring-servlet.xml里设置了视图解析：<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />，所以，此处设置为welcome-file设置为login，容器便会将其解析为视图login.jsp，绕过WEB-INFO下的资源无法直接访问的限制。

   <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>login</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

我们还可以设置error-page的页面

    <error-page>
       <error-code>404</error-code>
       <location>/html/error/404.html</location>
    </error-page>
     <error-page>
       <error-code>500</error-code>
       <location>/html/error/500.html</location>
    </error-page>

为了集成hibernate，我们还要配置OpenSessionInViewFilter，此过滤器会将Hibernate的Session和一次完整的请求过程绑定起来，事务控制，必须配置此过滤器。

   <filter>
      <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
	 <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
	 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>

完整的web.xml的配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
	<filter>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>
            classpath*:/spring/spring-common.xml
        </param-value>
	</context-param>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<description>spring mvc</description>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath*:/spring/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>login</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>404</error-code>
		<location>/html/error/404.html</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>500</error-code>
		<location>/html/error/500.html</location>
	</error-page>
</web-app>

第五步：配置spring-common.xml（数据源、事务、sessionFactory）

配置数据源jdbc.properties:

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://121.40.90.125\:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=exceptoin882465\!@\#

解析properties：

<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">   </span><property name="locations">
	<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">   </span></property>
</bean>

数据库连接池的配置取properties中的值：

<bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">  </span>class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
	<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
	<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
	<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
	<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

若不设置url的编码，在mysql数据库里，保存进去的中文会变成问号。

配置sessionFactory

  <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	<property name="hibernateProperties">
		<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
		</props>
	</property>
	<!-- 注解方式配置 -->
	<property name="packagesToScan">
	  <list>
		<value>com.mvc.rest.entity</value>
	 </list>
	</property>
  </bean>

packagesToScan扫描我们的hibernate实体文件。

最后配置事务

<bean id="txManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="register*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="all" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="changePassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="restPassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="authorize*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="send*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="init*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<!-- <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/> -->
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"
			expression="execution(* com.mvc.rest.service.impl.*.*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />
</aop:config>

完整的spring-common.xml的配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--suppress ALL -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
	<!-- properties文件解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="locations">
            <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<!-- 注解方式配置 -->
		<property name="packagesToScan">
			<list>
				<value>com.mvc.rest.entity</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="txManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="register*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="all" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="changePassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="restPassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="authorize*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="send*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="init*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<!-- <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/> -->
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"
			expression="execution(* com.mvc.rest.service.impl.*.*(..))" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />
	</aop:config>
</beans>

到此，基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建大功告成。