C语言中一些常用函数的使用记录

• 将整数转换为字符串
  类似 C语言<stdlib.h> 库中的 itoa() 函数。

/**
 - @brief  将整数转换为字符串
 - @param  str: 字符串
 - @param  intnum: 要转换的整数 10位数
 - @retval None
  */
void Int2Str(uint8_t* str, int32_t intnum)
{
	uint32_t i, Div = 1000000000, j = 0, Status = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		str[j++] = (intnum / Div) + 48;				//48 对应字符 '0'

		intnum = intnum % Div;
		Div /= 10;
		if ((str[j-1] == '0') & (Status == 0))
		{
			j = 0;
		}
		else
		{
			Status++;
		}
	}
}

---

2021-04-02更新记录：
以下方式也可以实现。

static char *itoa(int value, char *string, int radix)
{
	int     i, d;
	int     flag = 0;
	char    *ptr = string;
	/* This implementation only works for decimal numbers. */
	if (radix != 10)
	{
	    *ptr = 0;
	    return string;
	}
	if (!value)
	{
	    *ptr++ = 0x30;
	    *ptr = 0;
	    return string;
	}
	/* if this is a negative value insert the minus sign. */
	if (value < 0)
	{
	    *ptr++ = '-';
	    /* Make the value positive. */
	    value *= -1;
	}
	for (i = 10000; i > 0; i /= 10)	//把每整数的每一位分别格式化成字符
	{
	    d = value / i;
	    if (d || flag)
	    {
	        *ptr++ = (char)(d + 0x30);
	        value -= (d * i);
	        flag = 1;
	    }
	}
	/* Null terminate the string. */
	*ptr = 0;
	return string;
}

• 将字符串转换为整数
  类似C语言<stdlib.h>库中的 atoi()函数

//define 宏
#define IS_AF(c)  ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'F'))
#define IS_af(c)  ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f'))
#define IS_09(c)  ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9'))
#define ISVALIDHEX(c)  IS_AF(c) || IS_af(c) || IS_09(c)
#define ISVALIDDEC(c)  IS_09(c)
#define CONVERTDEC(c)  (c - '0')

#define CONVERTHEX_alpha(c)  (IS_AF(c) ? (c - 'A'+10) : (c - 'a'+10))
#define CONVERTHEX(c)   (IS_09(c) ? (c - '0') : CONVERTHEX_alpha(c))

/**
  * @brief  将字符串转换为整数
  * @param  inputstr: 要转换的字符串
  * @param  intnum: 整数值
  * @retval 1: 转换成功
  *         0: 错误
  */
uint32_t Str2Int(uint8_t *inputstr, int32_t *intnum)
{
	uint32_t i = 0, res = 0;
	uint32_t val = 0;

	if (inputstr[0] == '0' && (inputstr[1] == 'x' || inputstr[1] == 'X'))
	{
		if (inputstr[2] == '\0')
		{
			return 0;
		}
		
		for (i = 2; i < 11; i++)
		{
			if (inputstr[i] == '\0')
			{
				*intnum = val;
				/* return 1; */
				res = 1;
				break;
			}
			
			if (ISVALIDHEX(inputstr[i]))
			{
				val = (val << 4) + CONVERTHEX(inputstr[i]);
			}
			else
			{
				/* Return 0, Invalid input */
				res = 0;
				break;
			}
		}
		/* Over 8 digit hex --invalid */
		if (i >= 11)
		{
			res = 0;
		}
	}
	else /* max 10-digit decimal input */
	{
		for (i = 0;i < 11;i++)
		{
			if (inputstr[i] == '\0')
			{
				*intnum = val;
				/* return 1 */
				res = 1;
				break;
			}
			else if ((inputstr[i] == 'k' || inputstr[i] == 'K') && (i > 0))
			{
				val = val << 10;
				*intnum = val;
				res = 1;
				break;
			}
			else if ((inputstr[i] == 'm' || inputstr[i] == 'M') && (i > 0))
			{
				val = val << 20;
				*intnum = val;
				res = 1;
				break;
			}
			else if (ISVALIDDEC(inputstr[i]))
			{
				val = val * 10 + CONVERTDEC(inputstr[i]);
			}
			else
			{
				/* return 0, Invalid input */
				res = 0;
				break;
			}
		}
		/* Over 10 digit decimal --invalid */
		if (i >= 11)
		{
			res = 0;
		}
	}

	return res;
}