shared_ptr能够管理malloc分配的指针吗？

概括

问题：shared_ptr能够管理malloc分配的指针

答：可以，但是析构动作必须要是free而不是默认的delete函数，注意malloc之后不能继续realloc了。明确一点：malloc-free 且 new-delete

以下是原文：

问题

I have working in large application which contain c and cpp. The all files saved as cpp extension but the code is written in c- style. I mean it is define structure rather than class allocate memory through malloc and realloc and calloc.In recent They have installed boost library So I am planning to use into my existing code base So I have some following question.

1. Can I use std::shared_ptr with malloc and free.

2. If yes, can anyone point out me sample code base?

3. Will it impact any functionality if I create std::shared_ptr in my application and pass this pointer to another function, which uses malloc or calloc?

Or in other words:

How do I achieve the similar functionality with std::shared_ptr, for the following code:

void allocateBlocks(int **ptr, int *cnt)
{
    *ptr = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);
    *cnt = 10;
    /*do something*/ 
}
​
int main()
{
    int *p = NULL;
    int count = 0;
    allocateBlocks(&p, &count);
    /*do something*/
​
    free(p);
}

We call some functions, which accept double pointer and fill the structure inside their application and use malloc. Can we assign those pointer to std::shared_ptr? For example:

typedef struct txn_s
{
    int s;
    int d;
    int *e;
} txn_t;
​
typedef boost::shared_ptr<txn_t> tpointer;
​
tpointer((txn_t*)::malloc(sizeof(txn_t),::free));

答案

Can I use shared_ptr with malloc and free.

Yes.

Can anyone point out me sample code base.

You need to provide a custom deleter, so that memory is released using free rather than the default delete. This can be a pointer to the free function itself:

shared_ptr<void> memory(malloc(1024), free);

Remember that malloc and free only deal with raw memory, and you're responsible for correctly creating and destroying any non-trivial objects you might want to keep in that memory.

if I create shared_ptr in my application and pass this pointer to another function if they are using malloc or calloc. will it impact any functionality.

I don't quite follow the question. You can use this shared_ptr interchangably with "normal" shared pointers, if that's what you're asking. Type erasure ensures that users of the pointers aren't affected by different types of deleter. As with any shared pointer, you have to be a bit careful if you extract the raw pointer with get(); specifically, don't do anything that might free it, since you've irrevocably assigned ownership to the shared pointer.

We have call some function which accept double pointer and fill the structure inside their application and use malloc Can we assign those pointer to shared_ptr.

I guess you mean something like:

double * make_stuff() {
   double * stuff = static_cast<double*>(malloc(whatever));
   put_stuff_in(stuff);
   return stuff;
}
​
shared_ptr<double> shared_stuff(make_stuff(), free);

UPDATE: I didn't spot the phrase "double pointer", by which I assume you mean the C-style use of a pointer to emulate a reference to emulate a return value; you can do that too:

void make_stuff(double ** stuff);
​
double * stuff = 0;
make_stuff(&stuff);
shared_ptr<double> shared_stuff(stuff, free);

How will handle with realloc and calloc

It's fine to initialise the shared pointer with the result of calloc, or anything else that returns memory to be released using free. You can't use realloc, since shared_ptr has taken ownership of the original pointer and won't release it without calling free.