Trace跟踪参数
-verbose:gc
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-XX:+printGC
-
打印GC简要信息
[GC (Allocation Failure) 3344K->1296K(9728K), 0.0004129 secs]
[GC (Allocation Failure) 3344K->1296K(9728K), 0.0003914 secs]
[GC (Allocation Failure) 3344K->1296K(9728K), 0.0003756 secs]
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-XX:+PrintGCDetails
- 打印GC详细信息,1.4.0引入,默认不启用
[GC [PSYoungGen: 2560K->0K(3072K)] 3068K->508K(10240K), 0.0005989 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs]
[GC [PSYoungGen: 2560K->0K(3072K)] 3068K->508K(10240K), 0.0004555 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs]
[GC [PSYoungGen: 2560K->0K(3072K)] 3068K->508K(10240K), 0.0004692 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.00 secs]
- 程序运行完后的输出,这是JDK 7
Heap
PSYoungGen total 3072K, used 1229K [0x00000000ffc80000, 0x0000000100000000, 0x0000000100000000)
eden space 2560K, 48% used [0x00000000ffc80000,0x00000000ffdb36d8,0x00000000fff00000)
from space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff80000)
to space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff80000,0x00000000fff80000,0x0000000100000000)
ParOldGen total 7168K, used 508K [0x00000000ff580000, 0x00000000ffc80000, 0x00000000ffc80000)
object space 7168K, 7% used [0x00000000ff580000,0x00000000ff5ff070,0x00000000ffc80000)
PSPermGen total 21504K, used 2527K [0x00000000fa380000, 0x00000000fb880000, 0x00000000ff580000)
object space 21504K, 11% used [0x00000000fa380000,0x00000000fa5f7d68,0x00000000fb880000)
- 这是JDK 8,可以看到,JDK 8把永生代PSPermGen给去掉了,换成了Metaspace
Heap
PSYoungGen total 2560K, used 205K [0x00000000ffd00000, 0x0000000100000000, 0x0000000100000000)
eden space 2048K, 10% used [0x00000000ffd00000,0x00000000ffd33480,0x00000000fff00000)
from space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff80000,0x00000000fff80000,0x0000000100000000)
to space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff80000)
ParOldGen total 7168K, used 1308K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x00000000ffd00000, 0x00000000ffd00000)
object space 7168K, 18% used [0x00000000ff600000,0x00000000ff747070,0x00000000ffd00000)
Metaspace used 4405K, capacity 4716K, committed 4992K, reserved 1056768K
class space used 480K, capacity 531K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
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-XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps
- 打印GC发生的时间戳 -Xloggc:log/gc.log
- 指定GC log的位置,以文件输出,帮助开发人员分析问题 -XX:+PrintHeapAtGC
- 每一次GC后, 都打印堆的信息
{Heap before GC invocations=1117 (full 0):
PSYoungGen total 2560K, used 2048K [0x00000000ffd00000, 0x0000000100000000, 0x0000000100000000)
eden space 2048K, 100% used [0x00000000ffd00000,0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff00000)
from space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff80000,0x00000000fff80000,0x0000000100000000)
to space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff80000)
ParOldGen total 7168K, used 1328K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x00000000ffd00000, 0x00000000ffd00000)
object space 7168K, 18% used [0x00000000ff600000,0x00000000ff74c080,0x00000000ffd00000)
Metaspace used 4396K, capacity 4716K, committed 4992K, reserved 1056768K
class space used 478K, capacity 531K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
Heap after GC invocations=1117 (full 0):
PSYoungGen total 2560K, used 0K [0x00000000ffd00000, 0x0000000100000000, 0x0000000100000000)
eden space 2048K, 0% used [0x00000000ffd00000,0x00000000ffd00000,0x00000000fff00000)
from space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff00000,0x00000000fff80000)
to space 512K, 0% used [0x00000000fff80000,0x00000000fff80000,0x0000000100000000)
ParOldGen total 7168K, used 1328K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x00000000ffd00000, 0x00000000ffd00000)
object space 7168K, 18% used [0x00000000ff600000,0x00000000ff74c080,0x00000000ffd00000)
Metaspace used 4396K, capacity 4716K, committed 4992K, reserved 1056768K
class space used 478K, capacity 531K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
}
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-XX:+TraceClassLoading
- 监控类的加载
[Loaded java.lang.invoke.LambdaFormEditor from C:\Java\jdk1.8.0_101\jre\lib\rt.jar]
[Loaded java.lang.invoke.LambdaFormEditor$Transform$Kind from C:\Java\jdk1.8.0_101\jre\lib\rt.jar]
[Loaded java.lang.invoke.LambdaFormEditor$Transform from C:\Java\jdk1.8.0_101\jre\lib\rt.jar]
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-XX:+PrintClassHistogram
- 按下Ctrl+Break后,打印类的信息。分别序号、实例数量、总大小、类型 -Xmx -Xms
- 指定 最大堆, 最小堆 -XX:+TraceClassLoading, -XX:+TraceClassUnLoading
- 查看类的加载和卸载信息
堆的分配参数
-
-Xmn
- 设置新生代大小,绝对值 -XX:NewRatio=数字
- 新生代(eden+ 2 * survivor)和老年代(不含永久区)的比值。例如4,表示新生代:老年代=1:4,即年轻代占堆的1/5.对JDK 7来说 -XX:SurvivorRatio=数字
- 设置连个Survivor区和eden的比值,例如8,表示2*Survivor:eden=2:8 -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
- OOM时道出堆到文件 -XX:+HeapDumpPath
- 导出OOM的路径 -XX:OnOutOfMemoryError
- OOM时,执行一个脚本
总结
- 根据实际,调整新生代和Survivor的大小
- 官方推荐新生代占堆的3/8
- Survivor占新生代的1/10
- OOM时,Dump出堆,确保可以排查现场问题
栈的分配参数
- 线程私有,每个线程都有独立的栈空间
- 主要构成是栈帧,栈帧里边有局部变量表,操作数栈,常量池引用,地址等等,分配在栈上
-
-Xss
- 通常只有几百k,决定了函数调用的深度
抛出java.lang.StackOverflowError
永久区分配参数(JDK 7有,JDK 8没有永久区)
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-XX:PermSize
- 设置初始空间,表示一个系统可以容纳多少个类型 -XX:MaxPermSize
- 设置最大空间,表示一个系统可以容纳多少个类型 -Xnoclassgc
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是否对方法区的类回收
如果堆空间没有用完,却抛出OOM,那可能是永久区导致的