青春有你2选手图片爬取
1、day01 Python基础练习
第一题，输出乘法口诀表：
def table():
#在这里写下您的乘法口诀表代码吧！
for i in range(1,10):
row=""
for j in range(1,i+1):
row+="{0}*{1}={2} " .format(j,i,i*j)
print(row)
if __name__ == '__main__':
table()
这题参照博客写的
第二题，遍历”Day1-homework”目录下文件；找到文件名包含“2020”的文件；将文件名保存到数组result中；按照序号、文件名分行打印输出。
#导入OS模块
import os
#待搜索的目录路径
path = "Day1-homework"
#待搜索的名称
filename = "2020"
#定义保存结果的数组
result = []
def findfiles():
#在这里写下您的查找文件代码吧！
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
# 遍历输出所有文件路径
for name in files:
# print(os.path.join(root, name))
if filename in name:
result.append(os.path.join(root, name))
for k in result:
print(result.index(k), ':', k)
# 遍历输出目录路径
# for name in dirs:
# print(os.path.join(root, name))
if __name__ == '__main__':
findfiles()
文件读写要牢记，很实用的。
import json
import re
import requests
import datetime
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
#获取当天的日期,并进行格式化,用于后面文件命名，格式:20200420
today = datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
def crawl_wiki_data():
"""
爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中参赛选手信息，返回html
"""
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
url='https://baike.baidu.com/item/青春有你第二季'
try:
response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
#将一段文档传入BeautifulSoup的构造方法,就能得到一个文档的对象, 可以传入一段字符串
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,'lxml')
#返回的是class为table-view log-set-param的<table>所有标签
tables = soup.find_all('table',{'class':'table-view log-set-param'})
crawl_table_title = "参赛学员"
for table in tables:
#对当前节点前面的标签和字符串进行查找
table_titles = table.find_previous('div').find_all('h3')
for title in table_titles:
if(crawl_table_title in title):
return table
except Exception as e:
print(e)
2、day02 青春有你2选手信息爬取
2.1、爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中所有参赛选手信息，返回页面数据
import json
import re
import requests
import datetime
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
#获取当天的日期,并进行格式化,用于后面文件命名，格式:20200420
today = datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
def crawl_wiki_data():
"""
爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中参赛选手信息，返回html
"""
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
url='https://baike.baidu.com/item/青春有你第二季'
try:
response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
#将一段文档传入BeautifulSoup的构造方法,就能得到一个文档的对象, 可以传入一段字符串
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,'lxml')
#返回的是class为table-view log-set-param的<table>所有标签
tables = soup.find_all('table',{'class':'table-view log-set-param'})
crawl_table_title = "参赛学员"
for table in tables:
#对当前节点前面的标签和字符串进行查找
table_titles = table.find_previous('div').find_all('h3')
for title in table_titles:
if(crawl_table_title in title):
return table
except Exception as e:
print(e)
2.2、对爬取的页面数据进行解析，并保存为JSON文件
def parse_wiki_data(table_html):
'''
从百度百科返回的html中解析得到选手信息，以当前日期作为文件名，存JSON文件,保存到work目录下
'''
bs = BeautifulSoup(str(table_html),'lxml')
all_trs = bs.find_all('tr')
error_list = ['\'','\"']
stars = []
for tr in all_trs[1:]:
all_tds = tr.find_all('td')
star = {}
#姓名
star["name"]=all_tds[0].text
#个人百度百科链接
star["link"]= 'https://baike.baidu.com' + all_tds[0].find('a').get('href')
#籍贯
star["zone"]=all_tds[1].text
#星座
star["constellation"]=all_tds[2].text
#身高
star["height"]=all_tds[3].text
#体重
star["weight"]= all_tds[4].text
#花语,去除掉花语中的单引号或双引号
flower_word = all_tds[5].text
for c in flower_word:
if c in error_list:
flower_word=flower_word.replace(c,'')
star["flower_word"]=flower_word
#公司
if not all_tds[6].find('a') is None:
star["company"]= all_tds[6].find('a').text
else:
star["company"]= all_tds[6].text
stars.append(star)
json_data = json.loads(str(stars).replace("\'","\""))
with open('work/' + today + '.json', 'w', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
json.dump(json_data, f, ensure_ascii=False)
2.3、爬取每个选手的百度百科图片，并进行保存
def crawl_pic_urls():
'''
爬取每个选手的百度百科图片，并保存
'''
with open('work/'+ today + '.json', 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
json_array = json.loads(file.read())
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
for star in json_array:
print(star)
name = star['name']
link = star['link']
response = requests.get(link,headers=headers)
bs = BeautifulSoup(response.text,'lxml')
pic_list_url = bs.select('.summary-pic a')[0].get('href')
pic_list_url = 'http://baike.baidu.com'+pic_list_url
pic_list_response = requests.get(pic_list_url,headers=headers)
# 解析图片列表页面
bs = BeautifulSoup(pic_list_response.text,'lxml')
pic_list_html = bs.select('.pic-list img ')
pic_urls=[]
for pic_html in pic_list_html:
pic_url = pic_html.get('src')
pic_urls.append(pic_url)
#！！！根据图片链接列表pic_urls, 下载所有图片，保存在以name命名的文件夹中！！！
down_pic(name,pic_urls)
# if __name__ == '__main__':
# crawl_pic_urls
def down_pic(name,pic_urls):
'''
根据图片链接列表pic_urls, 下载所有图片，保存在以name命名的文件夹中,
'''
path = 'work/'+'pics/'+name+'/'
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.makedirs(path)
for i, pic_url in enumerate(pic_urls):
try:
pic = requests.get(pic_url, timeout=15)
string = str(i + 1) + '.jpg'
with open(path+string, 'wb') as f:
f.write(pic.content)
print('成功下载第%s张图片: %s' % (str(i + 1), str(pic_url)))
except Exception as e:
print('下载第%s张图片时失败: %s' % (str(i + 1), str(pic_url)))
print(e)
continue
2.4、打印爬取的所有图片的路径
def show_pic_path(path):
'''
遍历所爬取的每张图片，并打印所有图片的绝对路径
'''
pic_num = 0
for (dirpath,dirnames,filenames) in os.walk(path):
for filename in filenames:
pic_num += 1
print("第%d张照片：%s" % (pic_num,os.path.join(dirpath,filename)))
print("共爬取《青春有你2》选手的%d照片" % pic_num)
if __name__ == '__main__':
#爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中参赛选手信息，返回html
html = crawl_wiki_data()
#解析html,得到选手信息，保存为json文件
parse_wiki_data(html)
#从每个选手的百度百科页面上爬取图片,并保存
crawl_pic_urls()
#打印所爬取的选手图片路径
show_pic_path('/home/aistudio/work/pics/')
print("所有信息爬取完成！")
3、day03《青春有你2》选手数据分析
3.1、绘制选手区域分布柱状图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import json
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
#显示matplotlib生成的图形
%matplotlib inline
with open('data/data31557/20200422.json', 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
json_array = json.loads(file.read())
#绘制小姐姐区域分布柱状图,x轴为地区，y轴为该区域的小姐姐数量
zones = []
for star in json_array:
zone = star['zone']
zones.append(zone)
print(len(zones))
print(zones)
zone_list = []
count_list = []
for zone in zones:
if zone not in zone_list:
count = zones.count(zone)
zone_list.append(zone)
count_list.append(count)
print(zone_list)
print(count_list)
# 设置显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 指定默认字体
plt.figure(figsize=(20,15))
plt.bar(range(len(count_list)), count_list,color='r',tick_label=zone_list,facecolor='#9999ff',edgecolor='white')
# 这里是调节横坐标的倾斜度，rotation是度数，以及设置刻度字体大小
plt.xticks(rotation=45,fontsize=20)
plt.yticks(fontsize=20)
plt.legend()
plt.title('''《青春有你2》参赛选手''',fontsize = 24)
plt.savefig('/home/aistudio/work/result/bar_result.jpg')
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import json
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import pandas as pd
#显示matplotlib生成的图形
%matplotlib inline
df = pd.read_json('data/data31557/20200422.json')
#print(df)
grouped=df['name'].groupby(df['zone'])
s = grouped.count()
zone_list = s.index
count_list = s.values
# 设置显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 指定默认字体
plt.figure(figsize=(20,15))
plt.bar(range(len(count_list)), count_list,color='r',tick_label=zone_list,facecolor='#9999ff',edgecolor='white')
# 这里是调节横坐标的倾斜度，rotation是度数，以及设置刻度字体大小
plt.xticks(rotation=45,fontsize=20)
plt.yticks(fontsize=20)
plt.legend()
plt.title('''《青春有你2》参赛选手''',fontsize = 24)
plt.savefig('/home/aistudio/work/result/bar_result02.jpg')
plt.show()
3.2、对选手体重分布进行可视化，绘制饼状图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import json
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import pandas as pd
#显示matplotlib生成的图形
%matplotlib inline
# 设置显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 指定默认字体
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
df = pd.read_json('data/data31557/20200422.json')
#print(df)
grouped=df['name'].groupby(df['weight'])
s = grouped.count()
# print(s)
area = df['weight'].value_counts()
# print(area)
print(list(area))
pct = [format(i/sum(list(area)),'.1%') for i in list(area)]
# print(pct)
text_label = ['{}（{}）'.format(i[0], i[1]) for i in zip(list(area.index), pct)]
# print(text_label)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 12*0.618), subplot_kw=dict(aspect="equal"))
explode = [0.02] * len(area)
wedges, texts = ax.pie(list(area), labels=text_label,autopct=None,wedgeprops=None,startangle=0, explode=explode)
plt.title('''《青春有你2》参赛选手体重分布''',fontsize = 24)
plt.savefig('/home/aistudio/work/result/bar_result05.jpg')
plt.show()
4、心得体会
百度很良心，下次还参加。
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